Unequal Genetic Redundancy of Rice PISTILLATA Orthologs, OsMADS2 and OsMADS4, in Lodicule and Stamen Development

Yao, Shanguo; Ohmori, Shinnosuke; Kimizu, Mayumi; Yoshida, Hitoshi

doi:10.1093/pcp/pcn050

Cited by 105 publications

(99 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Moreover, mutants of Arabidopsis B-class genes undergo homeotic transformation of petals (equivalent to lodicules) into sepals (Nagasawa et al, 2003;Yadav et al, 2007;Yao et al, 2008). These findings suggest that the mrp, but not bop, is homologous to the sepal.…”

Section: Mfs1 Regulates Palea Developmentmentioning

confidence: 95%

MULTI-FLORET SPIKELET1, Which Encodes an AP2/ERF Protein, Determines Spikelet Meristem Fate and Sterile Lemma Identity in Rice

et al. 2013

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The spikelet is a unique inflorescence structure of grass. The molecular mechanism that controls the development of the spikelet remains unclear. In this study, we identified a rice (Oryza sativa) spikelet mutant, multi-floret spikelet1 (mfs1), that showed delayed transformation of spikelet meristems to floral meristems, which resulted in an extra hull-like organ and an elongated rachilla. In addition, the sterile lemma was homeotically converted to the rudimentary glume and the body of the palea was degenerated in mfs1. These results suggest that the MULTI-FLORET SPIKELET1 (MFS1) gene plays an important role in the regulation of spikelet meristem determinacy and floral organ identity. MFS1 belongs to an unknown function clade in the APETALA2/ ethylene-responsive factor (AP2/ERF) family. The MFS1-green fluorescent protein fusion protein is localized in the nucleus. MFS1 messenger RNA is expressed in various tissues, especially in the spikelet and floral meristems. Furthermore, our findings suggest that MFS1 positively regulates the expression of LONG STERILE LEMMA and the INDETERMINATE SPIKELET1 (IDS1)-like genes SUPERNUMERARY BRACT and OsIDS1.

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Section: Mfs1 Regulates Palea Developmentmentioning

confidence: 95%

MULTI-FLORET SPIKELET1, Which Encodes an AP2/ERF Protein, Determines Spikelet Meristem Fate and Sterile Lemma Identity in Rice

et al. 2013

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“…While this seems to support the view that obligate heterodimerization/autoregulation of maize B class proteins is conserved with eudicots, the occurrence of homodimerizing PI orthologs in non-grass monocots complicates the issue. Indeed, the PI ortholog of Joinvillea, a close outgroup to the grass family, can also homodimerize (Whipple and Schmidt, 2006), suggesting that the obligate heterodimerization characteristic of maize and some rice B class proteins (Moon et al, 1999;Yao et al, 2008) evolved independently. Further sampling and functional analysis of hetero-versus homodimerizing monocot B class proteins may help resolve the contribution, if any, of obligate heterodimerization to the evolution of floral development.…”

Section: Obligate Heterodimerization and Autoregulation Of The Maize mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Maize PI/GLO Ortholog Zmm16/sterile tassel silky ear1 Interacts with the Zygomorphy and Sex Determination Pathways in Flower Development

et al. 2015

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In monocots and eudicots, B class function specifies second and third whorl floral organ identity as described in the classic ABCE model. Grass B class APETALA3/DEFICIENS orthologs have been functionally characterized; here, we describe the positional cloning and characterization of a maize (Zea mays) PISTILLATA/GLOBOSA ortholog Zea mays mads16 (Zmm16)/ sterile tassel silky ear1 (sts1). We show that, similar to many eudicots, all the maize B class proteins bind DNA as obligate heterodimers and positively regulate their own expression. However, sts1 mutants have novel phenotypes that provide insight into two derived aspects of maize flower development: carpel abortion and floral asymmetry. Specifically, we show that carpel abortion acts downstream of organ identity and requires the growth-promoting factor grassy tillers1 and that the maize B class genes are expressed asymmetrically, likely in response to zygomorphy of grass floral primordia. Further investigation reveals that floral phyllotactic patterning is also zygomorphic, suggesting significant mechanistic differences with the wellcharacterized models of floral polarity. These unexpected results show that despite extensive study of B class gene functions in diverse flowering plants, novel insights can be gained from careful investigation of homeotic mutants outside the core eudicot model species.

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“…The ABC model, which describes the mechanism of floral organ specification, is a central paradigm in flower development (Coen and Meyerowitz, 1991) and is likely to be largely applicable to the specification of floral organs in rice, which are formed in the specialized inflorescences described above Tanaka et al, 2014). Class B genes in rice specify the lodicule and stamen, whereas Arabidopsis class B genes specify the petal and stamen (Nagasawa et al, 2003;Yao et al, 2008). As for class C genes, OsMADS3 and OsMADS58 are involved in stamen specification and flower meristem determinacy, respectively, in rice (Yamaguchi et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A role for <i>TRIANGULAR HULL1</i> in fine-tuning spikelet morphogenesis in rice

et al. 2014

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The lemma and palea, which enclose the pistil, stamens, and lodicules, are the most conspicuous organs in the rice spikelet. We isolated a mutant line (ng6569) in which the lemma and palea were narrower than those of the wild type, and found that the mutant had a defect in TRIANGULAR HULL1 (TH1), which encodes a nuclear protein with an ALOG domain. Detailed morphological analysis indicated that the th1 mutation caused a reduction in the size of tubercles, which are convex structures on the surface of the lemma and palea. This reduction was more pronounced in the apical region of the lemma than in the basal region, resulting in the formation of a beak-like spikelet. By contrast, the number of tubercle rows and their spatial distribution on the lemma were not affected in the th1 mutant. Thus, the TH1 gene seems to be involved in fine-tuning the morphogenesis of the lemma and palea. In situ hybridization analysis revealed that TH1 was highly expressed in the primordia of the lemma and palea, but only weakly expressed in the primordia of the sterile lemma and rudimentary glume. We then examined the effect of th1 mutation on the lemma-like structure formed in the long sterile lemma/glume1 (g1) and extra glume1 (eg1) mutants. The result showed that the th1 mutation strongly affected the morphology of the extra lemma of eg1, but had no significant effect on the transformed lemma of g1.

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Unequal Genetic Redundancy of Rice PISTILLATA Orthologs, OsMADS2 and OsMADS4, in Lodicule and Stamen Development

Cited by 105 publications

References 19 publications

MULTI-FLORET SPIKELET1, Which Encodes an AP2/ERF Protein, Determines Spikelet Meristem Fate and Sterile Lemma Identity in Rice

MULTI-FLORET SPIKELET1, Which Encodes an AP2/ERF Protein, Determines Spikelet Meristem Fate and Sterile Lemma Identity in Rice

The Maize PI/GLO Ortholog Zmm16/sterile tassel silky ear1 Interacts with the Zygomorphy and Sex Determination Pathways in Flower Development

A role for <i>TRIANGULAR HULL1</i> in fine-tuning spikelet morphogenesis in rice

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