Unexpected death, religious coping and conjugal bereavement outcomes in Africa (Togo)

Kokou-Kpolou, Kossigan; Tremblay, Joël; Moukouta, Charlemagne Simplice; Baugnet, Lucy; Menick, Daniel Mbassa

doi:10.1080/13674676.2017.1408578

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…The respondents rated 11 items on a 5-point Likert scale (1 = never to 5 = always), based on their reactions to their loss in the last month. Prior research on the cross-cultural psychometric properties of this measure confirmed its reliability [33]. In the present study, the Cronbach's α coefficient of PGS was 0.92 for the French sample, and 0.80 for the Togolese sample.…”

Section: Assessmentssupporting

confidence: 79%

A comparison of prevalence and risk factor profiles of prolonged grief disorder among French and Togolese bereaved adults

Kokou-Kpolou

Cénat

Noorishad

et al. 2020

Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol

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Background With the introduction of the prolonged grief disorder (PGD) in the ICD-11 and most likely in the future DSM-5-TR, there is clinical need to examine cultural variations in grief phenomenon. We tested whether grief symptoms differ cross-culturally by examining the prevalence rates and predictors of PGD among French and Togolese bereaved individuals. Methods The sample comprised 235 widowed persons (73 French and 162 Togolese participants). They all completed the Prolonged Grief Scale-11 items. There were no statistically significant differences between both groups in terms of sociodemographic information (except for education). However, they differed on loss-related characteristics. We used two different symptom-diagnostic tests to estimate the prevalence rates. Results We found that French and Togolese bereavers reported almost similar PGD prevalence rates (21.9% [95% CI 0.13, 0.36] and 15.4% [95% CI 0.10, 0.23], respectively for the first test, 26% [95% CI 0.16, 0.41] and 17.3% [95% CI 0.12, 0.25], respectively for the second test). Through regression analyses, PGD severity was predicted by low education, being unemployed, long duration of a marital relationship, and traumatic death in the French sample, whereas it was predicted by being male and highly educated in the Togolese sample. Both groups only shared a recent bereavement period as a common risk factor. Conclusions Even though French and Togolese widowed persons reported almost similar prevalence rates of PGD, etiology, risk, and protective factors are culturally distinctive. It is critical to consider cultural and individual differences when conducting research on diagnosis and intervention in cases of prolonged grief.

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Section: Assessmentssupporting

confidence: 79%

A comparison of prevalence and risk factor profiles of prolonged grief disorder among French and Togolese bereaved adults

Kokou-Kpolou

Cénat

Noorishad

et al. 2020

Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol

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“…Our results also add to the LCA work on PGD and depression interaction by showing that lower levels of spiritual beliefs were associated with the predominantly PGD class compared to the Resilient class. Although previous empirical studies from SSA (Chukwuorji et al, 2018;Kokou-Kpolou et al, 2017b) suggested the role of spiritual beliefs in mourning process, this is the first time spiritual beliefs as measured using a reliable instrument, were found to be associated with grief. Our findings showed that lower levels of spiritual beliefs might associated with difficulty in accepting the loss and finding meaning to the loss.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

“…Particularly, in SSA, Schaal et al (2012) reported that Rwandan bereaved survivors who accorded less importance to religious/spiritual beliefs were more at risk of PGD symptoms. Among a sample of Togolese widowed people, Kokou-Kpolou et al (2017b) found that negative religious coping (i.e., expressing religious discontent and making punitive religious reappraisals) was associated with complications in grieving spouses' loss. Chukwuorji et al (2018) showed that rebirth concerns about the deceased person, which are an important component of religious/spiritual beliefs, were associated with higher levels of PGD symptoms among bereaved internally displaced Tiv persons in Nigeria.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prolonged grief and depression: A latent class analysis

Kokou-Kpolou

Park

Lenferink

et al. 2021

Psychiatry Research

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“…On a broader religious level, the traditional religion, deeply rooted in ancestorship, is the most popular religion (55%), followed by Christianity, including all Christian denominations (35%), and by Islam (10%). However, religious syncretism as well as syncretism in healthcare (traditional, religious, and modern conventional care practices) is very common (Kokou-Kpolou et al 2017). In health care settings, family caregivers often negotiate with health professionals to perform rites in favor of their dying loved one as a component of EoL care (Gysels et al 2011;Mwangi-Powell, Powell and Harding 2013).…”

Section: Brief Overview Of Togolese Socio-cultural Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Mixed Methods Approach of End-of-Life Care, Social Rites, and Bereavement Outcomes: A Transnational Perspective

Kokou-Kpolou

Moukouta

Sani

et al. 2020

Cult Med Psychiatry

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The current article focused on examining the potential benefits of the End-of-Life (EoL) informal caregiving, communication, and ritualistic behaviors in adaptation to the conjugal bereavement across two different cultural-background contexts: France and Togo, West Africa. The investigation adopted a transnational approach including a total of 235 bereaved spouses. Despite the variation in the length of time since death, no significant difference was found between the Togolese and French bereaved with respect to the level of complicated grief symptoms. However, the Togolese bereaved perceived a significant postloss growth, fostered by EoL communication with the dying and the performance of ritualistic behaviors. In the French sample, bereaved individuals who had experienced more intimate communication with their dying spouse reported a high level of postloss growth. Moreover, findings showed that EoL caregiving without ritualistic support or communication is associated with poor postbereavement outcomes. These findings suggest a clinical need to promote informal caregiving to the dying, communication with the dying, and ritualistic support during the process of dying as entangled components of EoL care.Résumé Dans cet article, nous avons examiné le potentiel effet positif de l'assistance au conjoint en fin de vie, de la communication avec lui et des actes rituels sur

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Unexpected death, religious coping and conjugal bereavement outcomes in Africa (Togo)

Cited by 11 publications

References 42 publications

A comparison of prevalence and risk factor profiles of prolonged grief disorder among French and Togolese bereaved adults

A comparison of prevalence and risk factor profiles of prolonged grief disorder among French and Togolese bereaved adults

Prolonged grief and depression: A latent class analysis

A Mixed Methods Approach of End-of-Life Care, Social Rites, and Bereavement Outcomes: A Transnational Perspective

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