Unfavorable influence of structured exercise program on total leisure‐time physical activity

Abstract

In randomized controlled trials (RCTs), with customized structured physical exercise activity (SPEA) interventions, the dose of leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) should exceed the LTPA dose of the nonexercising control (C) group. This increase is required to substantiate health improvements achievable by exercise. We aimed to compare the dose of SPEA, LTPA, and total LTPA (SPEA + LTPA) between a randomized Nordic walking (NW) group, a power-type resistance training (RT) group, and a C group during a 12-week exercise intervention in obese middle-aged men (n = 144) with impaired glucose regulation. The dose of physical activity was measured with diaries using metabolic equivalents. No significant difference (P > 0.107) between the groups was found in volume of total LTPA. The volume of LTPA was, however, significantly higher (P < 0.050) in the C group than in the NW group, but not compared with the RT group. These results indicate that structured exercise does not automatically increase the total LTPA level, possibly, as a result of compensation of LTPA with structured exercise or spontaneous activation of the C group. Thus, the dose of total LTPA and the possible changes in spontaneous LTPA should be taken into account when implementing a RCT design with exercise intervention.

Humanin skeletal muscle protein levels increase after resistance training in men with impaired glucose metabolism

“…,b; Wasenius et al. ), however, this is the first investigation of skeletal muscle tissue from that intervention study.…”

“…,b; Wasenius et al. ). The participants were recruited through occupational healthcare services located in Southern Finland and through newspaper advertisements.…”

Testing the activitystat hypothesis: a randomised controlled trial

“…In contrast, Wasenius and colleagues [12] demonstrated no significant increase in total leisure time physical activity with either a Nordic walking or resistance training exercise intervention compared to a control group. While Wasenius et al also used a randomised controlled trial design with two different interventions, there were several key methodological differences to the current study.…”

“…The results of this review suggested that there is conflicting evidence as to the existence of an activitystat with 63, 40 and 80 % of studies involving children, adult and older adult studies respectively, reporting evidence of compensation in either physical activity or energy expenditure [11]. Several experimental papers investigating compensation have been published since this review [12–21], and similarly report conflicting results. In children and adults, several recent studies have shown some evidence of compensation with an imposed exercise stimulus [12–15], however there are at least as many that demonstrate no evidence of an activitystat or compensatory effect [16–19].…”

“…Several experimental papers investigating compensation have been published since this review [12–21], and similarly report conflicting results. In children and adults, several recent studies have shown some evidence of compensation with an imposed exercise stimulus [12–15], however there are at least as many that demonstrate no evidence of an activitystat or compensatory effect [16–19]. By contrast, recent studies in older adults have provided some evidence of compensation [20, 21].…”