Ungulates in the city: light pollution and open habitats predict the probability of roe deer occurring in an urban environment

Ciach, Michał; Fröhlich, Arkadiusz

doi:10.1007/s11252-019-00840-2

Cited by 51 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…With growing adoption of artificial light sources, light pollution is rising by approximately 6% per year worldwide 31 . Consequently, light pollution is expected to rise dramatically in the next several decades through more urban development, such as street lightening, vehicles lightening, and domestic gardens 32 . However, consequences of light pollution remain largely unknown.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of constant light exposure on sphingolipidomics and progression of NASH in high‐fat‐fed rats

Yue

Xia

Lin

et al. 2020

J of Gastro and Hepatol

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Background and Aim Non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a growing public health concern worldwide. With the progression of urbanization, light pollution is becoming an inevitable risk factor for NAFLD. However, the role of light pollution on NAFLD is insufficiently understood, and the underlying mechanism remains unclear. The present study explored effects of constant light exposure on NAFLD and elucidated its related mechanisms. Methods Thirty‐two male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into four groups (n = 8 each): (i) rats on a normal diet exposed to standard light–dark cycle (ND‐LD); (ii) rats on a normal diet exposed to constant light (ND‐LL); (iii) rats on a high‐fat diet exposed to standard light–dark cycle (HFD‐LD); and (iv) and rats on a high‐fat diet exposed to constant light (HFD‐LL). After 12 weeks of treatment, rats were sacrificed and pathophysiological assessments were performed. Targeted lipidomics was used to measure sphingolipids, including ceramides, glucosylceramides, and lactosylceramides, sphingomyelins, and sphingosine‐1‐phosphates in plasma and liver tissues. Results In normal chow rats, constant light exposure led to glucose abnormalities and dyslipidemia. In high‐fat‐fed rats, constant light exposure exacerbated glucose abnormalities, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, and inflammation and aggravated steatohepatitis. Compared with HFD‐LD rats, HFD‐LL had decreased plasma sphingosine‐1‐phosphate and elevated liver concentrations of total ceramide and specific ceramide species (ceramide d18:0/24:0, ceramide d18:1/22:0, ceramide d18:1/24:0, and ceramide d18:1/24:1), which were associated with increased hepatocyte apoptosis. Conclusions Constant light exposure causes dysregulation of sphingolipids and promotes steatohepatitis in high‐fat‐fed rats.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of constant light exposure on sphingolipidomics and progression of NASH in high‐fat‐fed rats

Yue

Xia

Lin

et al. 2020

J of Gastro and Hepatol

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“…Peri‐urban and urban areas are characterised by built‐up areas connected by roads and highways, as well as green areas composed of a mosaic of patches of various types, such as gardens, squares, road verges, playgrounds, allotments, orchards, parks and cemeteries (Ciach & Fröhlich 2019). In this context, the main overabundant ungulate species are the wild boar and roe deer (the subject of 38% and 28% of the papers, respectively; see Fig.…”

Section: Methods and Contexts Of Overabundancementioning

confidence: 99%

Wild ungulate overabundance in Europe: contexts, causes, monitoring and management recommendations

2020

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High‐density populations of large ungulates are now widespread. However, the perception of overabundance only appears when it produces a problem for humans, such as a loss of plant diversity, damage to agricultural crops and forestry, ungulate‐vehicle collisions, a nuisance to humans, disease transmission to livestock or changes in habitat for other species. The admissible level of density depends on the ecological and socio‐economic context in which the population is located, and defining this level is important, in order to determine management strategies and actions. We describe the main contexts in which ungulate overabundance occurs in Europe, record the causes of overabundance and evaluate which set of indicators of ecological change is the most appropriate for monitoring and diagnosing overabundance in each scenario. Our review of 318 published papers revealed six contexts of wild ungulate overabundance in Europe (protected areas, hunting areas, forestry, arable farming, livestock farming and [peri]urban areas). In addition to population abundance, four sets of indicators of environmental change could be used to monitor overabundance within these contexts (impacts on habitats, impact on animal performance, increments in diseases and parasite loads, and increments in nuisance to humans). Nine species of ungulate were found to be overabundant. Red deer Cervus elaphus was the species most likely to be overabundant in the contexts of protected areas (detailed in 27% of papers on that context) and hunting areas (38%); roe deer Capreolus capreolus in forestry (28%); wild boar Sus scrofa in arable farming (60%), livestock farming (29%) and (peri)urban areas (38%). Our evidence shows that the diagnosis and monitoring of ungulate population overabundance via indicators of ecological change, and the management actions required to control these undesirable situations, are strongly context‐dependent.

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“…Roe deer can be found in urban areas [29][30][31]. Different types of habitat provide food supply or shelter for animals, therefore the occurrence of ungulates is expected to be linked with specific habitats and habitat elements.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence and Activity of Roe Deer in Urban Forests of Warsaw

Jasińska

Jackowiak

Gryz

et al. 2020

The 1st International Electronic Conference on Forests—Forests for a Better Future: Sustainability, Innovation, Inter

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Human presence or activities are perceived by animals as those associated with predation risk so activity and exploration patterns of animals should be shaped by indices of anthropogenic disturbances. The high level of human disturbances is noticed in big cities. Therefore, the aim of the study was to determine the occurrence of roe deer in Warsaw and its activity in the Warsaw urban forests. We used snow tracking on transect routes (winter seasons 2016, 2017, 2018; 115.1 km in total) to determine roe deer occurrence in four habitats: forests, open areas, parks, and built-up areas. The number of tracks was highest in forests (4.6 tracks/1 km/24 h), followed by open areas, built-up areas, and parks. We used camera traps to determine the activity of roe deer in selected urban forests. We collected 697 observations of roe deer in Warsaw forests in the years 2016–2019 (per 4826 trap-days in total). The peak of roe deer activity was noticed between 4:00 and 5:00 a.m. Animals were least active at 1:00–2:00 p.m. and between 11:00 p.m.–01:00 a.m. Our research showed that roe deer inhabiting the urban area avoided human presence by using well-covered habitats and being active in periods when humans’ disturbances’ level is lower.

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Ungulates in the city: light pollution and open habitats predict the probability of roe deer occurring in an urban environment

Cited by 51 publications

References 56 publications

Effects of constant light exposure on sphingolipidomics and progression of NASH in high‐fat‐fed rats

Effects of constant light exposure on sphingolipidomics and progression of NASH in high‐fat‐fed rats

Wild ungulate overabundance in Europe: contexts, causes, monitoring and management recommendations

Occurrence and Activity of Roe Deer in Urban Forests of Warsaw

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