Uniaxial pressure control of competing orders in a high-temperature superconductor

Kim, Hun-ho; Souliou, S. M.; Barber, Mark E.; Lefrançois, E.; Minola, M.; Tortora, M.; Heid, R.; Nandi, Nabhanila; Borzi, R. A.; Garbarino, Gastón; Bosak, Alexeï; Porras, J.; Loew, T.; König, Markus; Moll, Philip J. W.; Mackenzie, Andrew P.; Keimer, B.; Hicks, Clifford W.; Tacon, Matthieu Le

doi:10.1126/science.aat4708

Cited by 173 publications

(157 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Our study thus suggests that F-CDW correlations have an important impact on superconducting and normal state properties of underdoped YBCO. * S.Hayden@bristol.ac.uk † johan.chang@physik.uzh.ch been realized [11][12][13][14]. These correspond to different ordering patterns along the c-axis [11,12].…”

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Spatially inhomogeneous competition between superconductivity and the charge density wave in YBa2Cu3O6.67

et al. 2020

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The charge density wave in the high-temperature superconductor YBa2Cu3O7−x (YBCO) is now known to have two different ordering tendencies differentiated by their c-axis correlations. These correspond to ferro-(F-CDW) and antiferro-(AF-CDW) couplings between CDW in neighbouring CuO2 bilayers. This discovery has prompted a number of fundamental questions. For example, how does superconductivity adjust to two competing orders and are either of these orders responsible for the electronic reconstruction? Here we use high-energy x-ray diffraction to study YBa2Cu3O6.67 as a function of magnetic field and temperature. We show that regions of the sample with F-CDW correlations suppress superconductivity more strongly than those with AF-CDW correlations. This implies that an inhomogeneous superconducting state exists, in which some regions show a weak or fragile form of superconductivity. By comparison of F-CDW and AF-CDW correlation lengths, it is furthermore concluded that F-CDW ordering is sufficiently long-range to modify the electronic structure. Our study thus suggests that F-CDW correlations have an important impact on superconducting and normal state properties of underdoped YBCO. * S.Hayden@bristol.ac.uk † johan.chang@physik.uzh.ch been realized [11][12][13][14]. These correspond to different ordering patterns along the c-axis [11,12]. Magnetic field (or uniaxial stress) induces an in-phase "ferro-coupled" CDW (F-CDW) along the b-axis [12, 13] on top of the original out-of-phase bi-axial "antiferro-coupled" CDW (AF-CDW) order. Quenched disorder, that in YBCO is naturally introduced through imperfections in the chain layer, may have important implications for the CDW order [13,15,16]. It is believed that disorder locally favors the AF-CDW order and that the evolution of the CDW correlations with magnetic field may be understood as a cross-over transition in which the CDW coupling along the c-axis varies [12,16].More recently, the case where competing tendencies towards CDW and SC order in the presence of topological defects due to quenched disorder and of vortices in the SC state has been considered [15]. It was demonstrated theoretically, that a "fragile" SC state can occur at low temperatures and at high magnetic field. This state is based on regions in which the CDW order is weakened due to defects where locally superconducting halos can form. These regions then can couple to form a state with global SC phase coherence. Given the richness of theoretical possibilities when superconductivity competes with arXiv:1909.09359v1 [cond-mat.supr-con]

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Spatially inhomogeneous competition between superconductivity and the charge density wave in YBa2Cu3O6.67

et al. 2020

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“…First, the discovery of charge order in overdoped Bi-2201, with an unreconstructed Fermi surface 25 , poses a question as to whether the CDW is actually tied to the pseudogap phenomena. Second, the softening or broadening of phonon modes at the CDW wavevector 26,27 along with giant phonon anomalies near the CDW instability, all point to a strong electron-phonon (el-ph) coupling 28 . While the phonon dispersion will necessarly react to a charge-density modulation, phonons may also play a key role in CDW formation, for example selecting the ordering wavevector in CDW-susceptible materials 29,30 .…”

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Emergent charge order from correlated electron-phonon physics in cuprates

2020

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Charge-density wave order is now understood to be a widespread feature of underdoped cuprate high-temperature superconductors, although its origins remain unclear. While experiments suggest that the charge-ordering wavevector is determined by Fermi-surface nesting, the relevant sections of the Fermi surface are featureless and provide no clue as to the underlying mechanism. Here, focusing on underdoped YBa2Cu3O6+x, we propose that charge-density waves form from the incipient softening of a bond-buckling phonon. The momentum dependence of its coupling to itinerant electrons favourably selects the wavevector found in experiments. But, it requires quasiparticle renormalization by strong electronic correlations to enable a unique enhancement of the charge susceptibility near the B1g-phonon selected wavevector. The B1g phonon frequency softens by a few percent, and finite-range charge-density wave correlations will form locally, if nucleated by defects or dopant disorder. These results suggest that underdoped cuprates cannot be understood in the context of strong electronic correlations alone.

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“…On the one hand, the formation of CDWs in at least some of the cuprates is accompanied by sharp phonon dispersion (Kohn) anomalies 6 , which are commonly found in conventional CDW systems. On the other hand, even though long-range CDWs can be stabilized in the cuprates by a variety of external fields 7-9 , the threedimensional (3D) ordering propagation vector is at odds with that of the Kohn anomalies in the zero-field condition 6,9 . In contrast, the zero-field charge correlations are often found to be short ranged [10][11][12][13] and coexisting with a rather inhomogeneous electronic background [13][14][15][16][17] .…”

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Distinction between pristine and disorder-perturbed charge density waves in ZrTe3

Yue

Xue

et al. 2020

Nat Commun

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Charge density waves (CDWs) in the cuprate high-temperature superconductors have evoked much interest, yet their typical short-range nature has raised questions regarding the role of disorder. Here we report a resonant X-ray diffraction study of ZrTe 3 , a model CDW system, with focus on the influence of disorder. Near the CDW transition temperature, we observe two independent signals that arise concomitantly, only to become clearly separated in momentum while developing very different correlation lengths in the well-ordered state that is reached at a distinctly lower temperature. Anomalously slow dynamics of mesoscopic charge domains are further found near the transition temperature, in spite of the expected strong thermal fluctuations. Our observations signify the presence of distinct experimental fingerprints of pristine and disorder-perturbed CDWs. We discuss the latter also in the context of Friedel oscillations, which we argue might promote CDW formation via a selfamplifying process.

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Uniaxial pressure control of competing orders in a high-temperature superconductor

Cited by 173 publications

References 57 publications

Spatially inhomogeneous competition between superconductivity and the charge density wave in YBa2Cu3O6.67

Spatially inhomogeneous competition between superconductivity and the charge density wave in YBa2Cu3O6.67

Emergent charge order from correlated electron-phonon physics in cuprates

Distinction between pristine and disorder-perturbed charge density waves in ZrTe3

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