Uniform Mesoporous Dye-Doped Silica Nanoparticles Decorated with Multiple Magnetite Nanocrystals for Simultaneous Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Fluorescence Imaging, and Drug Delivery

Abstract

Highly versatile nanocomposite nanoparticles were synthesized by decorating the surface of mesoporous dye-doped silica nanoparticles with multiple magnetite nanocrystals. The superparamagnetic property of the magnetite nanocrystals enabled the nanoparticles to be used as a contrast agent in magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, and the dye molecule in the silica framework imparted optical imaging modality. Integrating a multitude of magnetite nanocrystals on the silica surface resulted in remarkable enhancement of MR signal due to the synergistic magnetism. An anticancer drug, doxorubicin (DOX), could be loaded in the pores and induced efficient cell death. In vivo passive targeting and accumulation of the nanoparticles at the tumor sites was confirmed by both T2 MR and fluorescence imaging. Furthermore, apoptotic morphology was clearly detected in tumor tissues of mice treated with DOX loaded nanocomposite nanoparticles, demonstrating that DOX was successfully delivered to the tumor sites and its anticancer activity was retained.

VCAM-1-targeted core/shell nanoparticles for selective adhesion and delivery to endothelial cells with lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation under shear flow and cellular magnetic resonance imaging in vitro

“…This synthetic process enables the coencapsulation of Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles and a large number of FITC dye molecules together within the silica shell, and grafting of primary amines into the silica surface. 28,29 Using fluorescence microscopy, we confirmed that both Fe 3 O 4 @SiO 2 (FITC)-NH 2 and VCAM-1-targeted Fe 3 O 4 @SiO 2 (FITC) nanoparticles showed well dispersed and distinct fluorescence (Figure 3). We also found that anti-VCAM-1 monoclonal antibody modification had no obvious influence on fluorescence intensity ( Figure 3C).…”

Anti-HIV-1 nanotherapeutics: promises and challenges for the future

“…[30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45] Table 2 lists the commonly used nanomaterials in biomedical applications. The current review focuses predominantly on nanoparticles used in HIV-1 therapeutics.…”

“…46 Due to their small size they can be taken up by cells where the uptake of larger particles is precluded. Advantages that nanoparticulate imaging agents have over traditional molecular imaging agents include: (a) they provide a tunable fluorescent chassis upon which targeting agents (antibodies, peptides or small molecules) can be added or changed to suit a specific need; (b) they allow for multimodality (eg, optical, magnetic resonance, and radionuclide) imaging thus permitting cross-evaluation of disease-infected sites using different imaging platforms; (c) they can be functionalized with both imaging and therapeutic abilities (d) they can be made in a large-enough size to permit multivalency [42][43][44][45] (ability to bind to various ligands due to different types of surface modifications, functionalization, and bioconjugation chemistries), which results in having a potential for higher affinity binding than standard agents; and (e) they can enable imaging from the single cell level to the entire, intact organism in vivo. Nanotechnology-based delivery systems also enhance and modulate the distribution of hydrophobic and hydrophilic drugs into and within different tissue compartments.…”

“…34,[35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50] Inorganic particles are much smaller, typically less than 20 nm, and circulate easily in the bloodstream and are easily cleared via renal excretion. [42][43][44][45][46] Silica-based nanoparticles such as organically modified silica are known for their low toxicity and biocompatibility for targeted imaging and therapy. [47][48][49][50] Gold nanoparticles (GNP) are an attractive drugdelivery vector due to the ease with which biomolecules such as protein or DNA can be attached to the gold surface using thiol chemistry.…”

Quantum Dot Conjugated Magnetic Nanoparticles for Targeted Drug Delivery and Imaging

“…Several research groups have developed MNPs for exploiting their properties as a contrast agents for MRI [38][39][40][41][42]. Other labs have accomplished site specific targeting of drug loaded MNPs using appropriate ligands, proteins and other molecules [43].…”