Uniform Plane Wave Reflection From Pec Plane Embedded in a Nonlinear Medium

Hussnain, Mohammad Mazhar; Mughal, Muhammad Junaid

doi:10.2528/pierm11011303

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…(b) Simulation output showing the direct wave and the target reflection when placed at various depths. PEC reflections are an inverted version of the direct wave due to its reflection coefficient (

\Gamma = -1

) (Hussnain and Mughal, 2011).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizing GPR time‐zero adjustment and two‐way travel time wavelet measurements using a realistic three‐dimensional numerical model

Zadhoush

Giannopoulos

2022

Near Surface Geophysics

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Time‐zero adjustment or the true ground surface for ground penetrating radar (GPR) applications is a very important aspect and an essential factor in order to position subsurface targets, especially those located at shallow depths, at their true position in depth. As the transmitted and received signals from GPR antennas are affected by the presence of different materials with varying electromagnetic properties, adjusting the time zero appropriately is important, but often not straightforward to position accurately. This paper uses a realistic three‐dimensional numerical model of a GPR transducer in order to examine where is the best location for time zero on a GPR trace. It is shown that, in order to establish a robust and consistent time‐zero position, careful consideration is also needed around how the two‐way travel time of the reflected GPR wavelet is estimated. Starting with a simple homogeneous model with a set of different targets, a better process of time‐zero adjustment and time picking of the GPR wavelets is put forward, that is verified using further more complex and realistic heterogeneous models. Further verification is obtained by using experimental data.

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\Gamma = -1

) (Hussnain and Mughal, 2011).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizing GPR time‐zero adjustment and two‐way travel time wavelet measurements using a realistic three‐dimensional numerical model

Zadhoush

Giannopoulos

2022

Near Surface Geophysics

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“…Eventually, the reflection coefficient and transmission coefficient of horizontal and vertical polarized waves of nonuniform plane wave in lossy mediums are solved [20], [22].…”

Section: B Field Tracing In Lossy Mediummentioning

confidence: 99%

An Efficient Volumetric SBR Method for Electromagnetic Scattering From In-Homogeneous Plasma Sheath

Zhang

Chen

2019

IEEE Access

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A novel volumetric shooting and bouncing ray (VSBR) method is first proposed to analyze the electromagnetic scattering from in-homogeneous plasma sheath. The propagation of electromagnetic waves in a plasma sheath can be accurately traced by using rays in volumetric-meshed cells. The algorithm starts with tracking the ray tubes in the plasma sheath with high efficiency. Then, the reflection and transmission coefficients can be obtained by using the theory of electromagnetic waves' propagation in the lossy medium. At last, the scattering far fields can be easily calculated by taking the scattering field of each tube into consideration. As a comparison, the state-of-the-art high-frequency algorithms cannot deal with inhomogeneous lossy mediums of rapid varying. Meanwhile, it should also be noted that the proposed method can provide a more accurate result for analyzing layered plasma sheath than traditional high-frequency methods. Moreover, in this paper, the cubes' model with a different dielectric parameter, blunt cone, and hyper-sonic models are calculated with the finite-difference time-domain method (FDTD), the volumesurface integral equation method (VSIE), the traditional high-frequency method, and the proposed method. The results demonstrate the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed method. INDEX TERMS Inhomogeneous plasma, shooting and bouncing ray, tetrahedron, plasma sheath.

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“…Vermicompost amendments play a critical role in improving drought tolerance in plants, primarily attributed to their simulative effects on protein, enzyme synthesis, and enzyme activity within plants. 20,21 Vermicompost, characterized by its high porosity, water holding capacity, and humic substances, significantly enhances the soil's physical and chemical properties. 22−24 In vermicompost, the presence of microorganisms like mycorrhizal fungi and soluble compatible compounds contributes to improved soil physical properties and water uptake by plant roots.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing Wheat Crop Resilience to Drought Stress through Cellulolytic Microbe-Enriched Cow Dung Vermicompost

Ahmad,

Aslam,

Abbas

et al. 2024

ACS Omega

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Background: Wheat, an important cereal crop, is commonly cultivated in arid and semiarid areas, and therefore, it often experiences water deficit conditions. The consequences of induced stress on wheat can be mitigated through vermicompost amendments. To address drought stress on wheat seedlings, a pot experiment was conducted in the wire-house in which two contrasting wheat cultivars, Faisalabad-08 (drought-tolerant) and Galaxy-13 (drought-sensitive), were exposed to three water level conditions: well-watered [D0, 70% of field capacity (FC)], moderate drought (D1, 45% FC), and severe drought (D2, 30% FC). Four rates of vermicompost, derived from cow dung enriched with cellulolytic microbes, were applied (VT0, control; VT1, 4 t ha −1 ; VT2, 6 t ha −1 ; and VT3, 8 t ha −1 ) to the experiment. Data on various physiological, biochemical, and enzymatic antioxidants were recorded. Results: Our results demonstrated that the drought treatments significantly reduced nutrient accumulation, chlorophyll and SPAD values, and carotenoid content in both cultivars where the maximum reduction was recorded for severe drought stress. Nonetheless, the application of vermicompost significantly improved these traits, and statistically maximum chlorophyll contents, SPAD value, and total carotenoid contents were observed for VT1 in both cultivars under drought treatments. While the lowest chlorophyll and carotenoid contents were recorded for untreated replicated pots. Among the cultivars, Faisalabad-08 exhibited greater resistance to drought, as evidenced by higher values of the aforementioned traits compared to Galaxy-13. Soil-applied vermicompost also showed a positive influence on antioxidant enzyme activities in both wheat cultivars grown under well-watered as well as water-scarce conditions. Conclusions: The findings of this study revealed that drought conditions substantially decreased the enzymatic antioxidants and physiological and biochemical attributes of the wheat crop. However, soil-applied vermicompost, particularly at an optimum rate, had a positive impact on the wheat seedlings under drought conditions. Moving forward, exploring the potential of utilizing cellulolytic microbe-enriched cow dung vermicompost stands as a promising avenue to mitigate the detrimental effects of water stress on wheat. Further research in this direction could offer substantial insights into enhancing wheat resilience and productivity under water stress conditions.

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Uniform Plane Wave Reflection From Pec Plane Embedded in a Nonlinear Medium

Cited by 4 publications

References 22 publications

Optimizing GPR time‐zero adjustment and two‐way travel time wavelet measurements using a realistic three‐dimensional numerical model

Optimizing GPR time‐zero adjustment and two‐way travel time wavelet measurements using a realistic three‐dimensional numerical model

An Efficient Volumetric SBR Method for Electromagnetic Scattering From In-Homogeneous Plasma Sheath

Enhancing Wheat Crop Resilience to Drought Stress through Cellulolytic Microbe-Enriched Cow Dung Vermicompost

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