Uniformly Interconnected Silver‐Nanowire Networks for Transparent Film Heaters

Kim, Tae‐Young; Kim, Yeon Won; Lee, Ho Seok; Kim, Hyeongkeun; Yang, Woo Seok; Suh, Kwang S.

doi:10.1002/adfm.201202013

Cited by 430 publications

(289 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The transparent conductive performance is strongly related to the dispersion state of the conductive nanomaterials over the substrate surface; uniformly connected conductive networks without significant loss of optical transparency offer better performance. 23,24 In general, conductive nanomaterials, including the AgNW and the CNT, are dispersed in solvents using dispersing agents or chemical modification, and are then coated on the substrate. However, conventional wet-coating processes, such as drop coating and bar coating, inevitably cause selfaggregation and uneven distribution of the suspended materials after the solvent drying process, as shown by the coffee-ring effect.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Uniformly connected conductive networks on cellulose nanofiber paper for transparent paper electronics

et al. 2014

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We demonstrate the fabrication of highly transparent conductive networks on a cellulose nanofiber paper, called cellulose nanopaper. Uniform coating of the conductive nanomaterials, such as silver nanowires (AgNWs) and carbon nanotubes, is achieved by simple filtration of their aqueous dispersions through the cellulose nanopaper, which acts as both filter and transparent flexible substrate. The as-prepared AgNW networks on the nanopaper offer sheet resistance of 12 X sq. À1 with optical transparency of 88%, which is up to 75 times lower than the sheet resistance on a polyethylene terephthalate film prepared by conventional coating processes. These results indicate that the 'filtration coating' provides uniformly connected conductive networks because of drainage in the perpendicular direction through paper-specific nanopores, whereas conventional coating processes inevitably cause self-aggregation and uneven distribution of the conductive nanomaterials because of the hard-to-control drying process, as indicated by the well-known coffee-ring effect. Furthermore, the conductive networks are embedded in the surface layer of the nanopaper, showing strong adhesion to the nanopaper substrate and providing foldability with negligible changes in electrical conductivity. This filtration process is thus expected to offer an effective coating approach for various conductive materials, and the resulting transparent conductive nanopaper is a promising material for future paper electronics.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Uniformly connected conductive networks on cellulose nanofiber paper for transparent paper electronics

et al. 2014

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“…33 However, ITO transparent heaters suffer the same problems that ITO faces in other transparent conducting applications, namely cost, flexibility and areal scaling. As with other transparent conducting applications, a number of researchers have turned to nanostructured materials, particularly carbon nanotubes, 23,24,26,28,29 graphene, 18,25,34 silver nanowires 22,27,30,35 and hybrid systems. 36, 37 The results have been very promising with reported temperature increases of up to 140 K for 4W input power.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…19,20 However, more recently, attention has turned to using nanostructured transparent conductors as transparent heaters. [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30] Transparent heaters are simply conducting films which are thin enough to be transparent but can be heated up on application of a voltage. For a given combination of electrical and thermal properties the steady state temperature increase is set by balance of Joule heating and heat dissipation and can be controlled via the voltage.…”

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confidence: 99%

Relationship between Material Properties and Transparent Heater Performance for Both Bulk-like and Percolative Nanostructured Networks

2014

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Transparent heaters are important for many applications and in the future are likely to be fabricated from thin, conducting, nanostructured networks. However, the electrical properties of such networks are almost always controlled by percolative effects.The impact of percolation on heating effects has not been considered and the material parameter combinations which lead to efficient performance are not known. In fact, figures of merit for transparent heaters have not been elucidated, either in bulk-like or percolative systems. Here, we develop a simple yet comprehensive model describing the operation of transparent heaters. By considering the balance of Joule heating versus power dissipated by both convection and radiation, we derive an expression for the time-dependent heater temperature as a function of both electrical and thermal parameters. This equation can be modified to describe the relationship between temperature, optical transmittance and electrical/thermal parameters in both bulk-like and percolative systems. By performing experiments on silver nanowire networks, systems known to display both bulk-like and percolative regimes, we show the model to describe real systems extremely well. This work shows the performance of transparent heaters in the percolative regime to be significantly less efficient compared to the bulk-like regime, implying the diameter of the nanowires making up the network to be critical. The model allows the identification of figures of merit for networks in both bulk-like and percolative regimes. We show that metallic nanowire networks are most promising, closely followed by CVD graphene with networks of solutionprocessed graphene and carbon nanotubes being much less efficient.

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“…Briefly, AgNWs were first spray coated onto a glass substrate and formed random NW network. To achieve better conductivity and transparency in the NW networks, AgNWs with larger length are beneficial to reduce the number of junctions and thus to reduce the junction resistance in the networks [63,70]. After the coating process, copolymer of siliconized urethane acrylate oligomer (UA) and ethoxylated bisphenol A dimethacrylate (EBA) were poured onto the percolating NW network, followed by subsequent curing with ultraviolent light.…”

Section: Fully Stretchable El Devicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress and Prospects in Stretchable Electroluminescent Devices

Wang

Lee

2017

Nanophotonics

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Stretchable electroluminescent (EL) devices are a new form of mechanically deformable electronics that are gaining increasing interests and believed to be one of the essential technologies for next generation lighting and display applications. Apart from the simple bending capability in flexible EL devices, the stretchable EL devices are required to withstand larger mechanical deformations and accommodate stretching strain beyond 10%. The excellent mechanical conformability in these devices enables their applications in rigorous mechanical conditions such as flexing, twisting, stretching, and folding.The stretchable EL devices can be conformably wrapped onto arbitrary curvilinear surface and respond seamlessly to the external or internal forces, leading to unprecedented applications that cannot be addressed with conventional technologies. For example, they are in demand for wide applications in biomedical-related devices or sensors and soft interactive display systems, including activating devices for photosensitive drug, imaging apparatus for internal tissues, electronic skins, interactive input and output devices, robotics, and volumetric displays. With increasingly stringent demand on the mechanical requirements, the fabrication of stretchable EL device is encountering many challenges that are difficult to resolve. In this review, recent progresses in the stretchable EL devices are covered with a focus on the approaches that are adopted to tackle materials and process challenges in stretchable EL devices and delineate the strategies in stretchable electronics. We first introduce the emission mechanisms that have been successfully demonstrated on stretchable EL devices. Limitations and advantages of the different mechanisms for stretchable EL devices are also discussed. Representative reports are reviewed based on different structural and material strategies. Unprecedented applications that have been enabled by the stretchable EL devices are reviewed. Finally, we summarize with our perspectives on the approaches for the stretchable EL devices and our proposals on the future development in these devices.

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Uniformly Interconnected Silver‐Nanowire Networks for Transparent Film Heaters

Cited by 430 publications

References 32 publications

Uniformly connected conductive networks on cellulose nanofiber paper for transparent paper electronics

Uniformly connected conductive networks on cellulose nanofiber paper for transparent paper electronics

Relationship between Material Properties and Transparent Heater Performance for Both Bulk-like and Percolative Nanostructured Networks

Progress and Prospects in Stretchable Electroluminescent Devices

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