This article is devoted to the existing mechanisms of countering economic sanctions in Russia and China. The choice of these countries is not accidental. Currently, there is quite a small number of instruments of influence on states in the field of international relations. The most effective means are economic sanctions, which are applied against states pursuing policies that are not always convenient for other states. In the modern world, it is Russia and China that are the states against which economic sanctions are being applied quite actively. It is important to conduct a comparative study of the legal mechanisms of opposition to the applied economic sanctions.