Background:
The American College of Clinical Pharmacy (ACCP) prepared clinical pharmacist
competencies that have specific recommendations. Recently, many efforts to
advance clinical pharmacy services in Egypt exist. The literature revealed
that no country has assessed the extent of applicability of ACCP
competencies in its current pharmacy practice setting. Egyptian pharmacists
can provide feedback about applicability of such competencies in clinical
pharmacy settings in Egypt.
Objective:
The objective of this study was to investigate the extent to which ACCP
competencies were implemented by Egyptian clinical pharmacists and therefore
evaluate development of clinical pharmacy practice in Egypt. The study also
investigated factors affecting the applicability of such competencies in the
current clinical pharmacy practice setting in Egypt.
Methods:
Four hundred and ninety-five randomly selected clinical pharmacists from
several hospitals were invited to participate in a cross sectional survey
using a self-administered validated questionnaire composed of 31 questions
classified into six domains. This questionnaire was designed to determine
the pharmacists’ perception about applicability of ACCP competencies
to clinical pharmacy practice in Egypt.
Results:
The response rate was 64% as 317 out of 495 pharmacists completed the
questionnaire. These pharmacists were categorized according to age; gender;
qualifications; years of previous work experience, years since BSc. and type
of hospitals they are currently working at. Analysis of data revealed the
professionalism domain to have the highest percentage of acceptance among
pharmacists, while the system-based care & population health domain
had the lowest percentage of acceptance. Results also showed that
qualifications of participants did not affect their response in three
domains; “Direct Patient Care”, “Systems-based Care
& Population Health” and “Continuing Professional
Development” (p=0.082, 0.081, 0.060), respectively. Nevertheless,
qualifications of participants did affect their response in the other three
domains; “Pharmacotherapy Knowledge”,
“Communication” and “Professionalism”
(p<0.05). The age of pharmacists, gender, years of previous work
experience, and graduation year did not affect their responses in all six
domains. The type of hospital they are currently working at, though,
affected their responses where, there was a highly statistically significant
increase of the mean score of all domains among participants working at the
NGOs/private hospitals compared to governmental hospitals
(p<0.001).
Conclusions:
Egyptian pharmacists generally apply high percentage of ACCP competencies but
the provided clinical pharmacy services need to be improved through applying
the standards of best practice.