Uniting the Role of Endophytic Fungi against Plant Pathogens and Their Interaction

Akram, Shazia; Ahmed, Ayesha; He, Ping; Liu, Yinglong; Wu, Yixin; Munir, Shahzad; He, Yueqiu

doi:10.3390/jof9010072

Cited by 62 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 214 publications

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“…Fungal pathogens significantly impact agriculture because they cause plant diseases that lower crop production and quality [32,33]. In addition, the toxins produced by phytopathogenic fungi play a pivotal role in developing plant diseases, consequently harming host plants [34].…”

Section: Role Of Fungal Endophytes Against Fungal Pathogensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungal Endophytes as Mitigators against Biotic and Abiotic Stresses in Crop Plants

Gowtham,

Hema,

Murali

et al. 2024

JoF

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The escalating global food demand driven by a gradually expanding human population necessitates strategies to improve agricultural productivity favorably and mitigate crop yield loss caused by various stressors (biotic and abiotic). Biotic stresses are caused by phytopathogens, pests, and nematodes, along with abiotic stresses like salt, heat, drought, and heavy metals, which pose serious risks to food security and agricultural productivity. Presently, the traditional methods relying on synthetic chemicals have led to ecological damage through unintended impacts on non-target organisms and the emergence of microbes that are resistant to them. Therefore, addressing these challenges is essential for economic, environmental, and public health concerns. The present review supports sustainable alternatives, emphasizing the possible application of fungal endophytes as innovative and eco-friendly tools in plant stress management. Fungal endophytes demonstrate capabilities for managing plants against biotic and abiotic stresses via the direct or indirect enhancement of plants’ innate immunity. Moreover, they contribute to elevated photosynthesis rates, stimulate plant growth, facilitate nutrient mineralization, and produce bioactive compounds, hormones, and enzymes, ultimately improving overall productivity and plant stress resistance. In conclusion, harnessing the potentiality of fungal endophytes represents a promising approach toward the sustainability of agricultural practices, offering effective alternative solutions to reduce reliance on chemical treatments and address the challenges posed by biotic and abiotic stresses. This approach ensures long-term food security and promotes environmental health and economic viability in agriculture.

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Section: Role Of Fungal Endophytes Against Fungal Pathogensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungal Endophytes as Mitigators against Biotic and Abiotic Stresses in Crop Plants

Gowtham,

Hema,

Murali

et al. 2024

JoF

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“…Plants known to contain various endophytes in their organs produce certain defense mechanisms to combat pathogens’ invasion [ 74 ]. These defense mechanisms are carried out by certain metabolites produced by endophytic organisms.…”

Section: Biotic and Abiotic Stress Affecting Plant Tissuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endosphere microbial communities and plant nutrient acquisition toward sustainable agriculture

Babalola,

Adedayo

2023

Emerging Topics in Life Sciences

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Endophytic microbial communities have essential information for scientists based on their biological contribution to agricultural practices. In the external plant environment, biotic and abiotic factors affect microbial populations before getting into plant tissues. Endophytes are involved in mutualistic and antagonistic activities with the host plant. Microbial communities inhabiting the internal tissues of plant roots depend on their ability to live and contend with other plant microflora. The advantageous ones contribute to soil health and plant growth either directly or indirectly. The microbial communities move via soil–root environment into the endosphere of plants promoting plant growth features like antibiosis, induced systemic resistance, phytohormone synthesis, and bioremediation. Therefore, the existence of these microorganisms contributes to plant genomes, nutrient availability in the soil, the presence of pathogens, and abiotic factors. This review aims at how endophytic microorganisms have displayed great interest in contributing to abundant crop production and phytopathogen inhibition.

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“…Plants with endophytic fungi are crucial reservoirs of fungal diversity and new taxa [ 5 ]. During plant growth, endophytic fungi display many substantial benefits, such as accelerating plant growth [ 6 ], enhancing stress resistance [ 7 ], promoting nutrient absorption [ 8 ], and resisting pathogens [ 9 ]. Furthermore, endophytic fungi are prospective producers of an abundant and dependable source of bioactive and chemically novel compounds with potential for exploitation in a variety of areas, such as medicine, agriculture, and industry [ 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Community Structure and Diversity of Endophytic Fungi in Cultivated Polygala crotalarioides at Two Different Growth Stages Based on Culture-Independent and Culture-Based Methods

Shen,

Xiong,

Liu

et al. 2024

JoF

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Polygala crotalarioides, a perennial herbaceous plant found in southwest China, has the potential to be used in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. Endophytic fungi that reside within medicinal herbs play an important ecological role in their host plants and can serve as a valuable source for identifying active components. However, little is known about the diversity, and structure of endophytic fungi in P. crotalarioides. In this study, we investigated the community structure and diversity of endophytic fungi in the leaves, stems, and roots of P. crotalarioides at both 1- and 2-year-growth stages using a modern culture-independent method using both culture-independent (high-throughput sequencing, HTS) and culture-based methods. Using HTS, our results revealed that the richness and diversity of endophytic fungi in P. crotalarioides varied depending on the organs and growth stages. Specifically, stems and leaves exhibited significantly higher diversity compared to roots. Additionally, the highest diversity of endophytic fungi was observed in the stems of the 2-year-old plants. At the genus level, Fusarium, Colletotrichum, and Phoma were the most abundant endophytic fungi in 1-year-old samples, while Cercospora, Apiotrichum, and Fusarium were prevalent in 2-year-old samples. A total of 55 endophytic fungal strains belonging to two phyla and 24 genera were isolated from 150 plant tissue segments using culture-based methods. The anti-acetylcholinesterase activity of these isolates was evaluated in vitro and five of them, Phialophora mustea PCAM010, Diaporthe nobilis PCBM027, Fusarium oxysporum LP41, F. oxysporum SR60, and Phoma herbarum SM81, showed strong activity (>50% inhibition rate). These findings will serve as a theoretical basis and practical guide for comprehending the structural composition, biological diversity and bioactivity of endophytic fungi in P. crotalarioides.

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Uniting the Role of Endophytic Fungi against Plant Pathogens and Their Interaction

Cited by 62 publications

References 214 publications

Fungal Endophytes as Mitigators against Biotic and Abiotic Stresses in Crop Plants

Fungal Endophytes as Mitigators against Biotic and Abiotic Stresses in Crop Plants

Endosphere microbial communities and plant nutrient acquisition toward sustainable agriculture

Community Structure and Diversity of Endophytic Fungi in Cultivated Polygala crotalarioides at Two Different Growth Stages Based on Culture-Independent and Culture-Based Methods

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