Universal X-ray emissivity of the stellar population in early-type galaxies: unresolved X-ray sources in NGC 3379

Revnivtsev, M.; Churazov, E.; Sazonov, S.; Forman, W.; Jones, Christine

doi:10.1051/0004-6361:200809889

Cited by 80 publications

(125 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Revnivtsev et al 2007). We exploit conversely the result obtained by Revnivtsev et al (2008): they show that the old stars contribution to the X-ray emission of early-type galaxies (per unit stellar luminosity in the K band) displays a small scatter (less than a factor of 2) around the value they measured for NGC 3379,…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Accretion and nuclear activity in Virgo early-type galaxies

Vattakunnel

Trussoni

Capetti

et al. 2010

A&A

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We use Chandra observations to estimate the accretion rate of hot gas onto the central supermassive black hole in four giant (of stellar mass M * ∼ 10 11 −10 12 M ) early-type galaxies located in the Virgo cluster. They are characterized by an extremely low radio luminosity, in the range L 3×10 25 −10 27 erg s −1 Hz −1 . We find that, accordingly, accretion in these objects occurs at an extremely low rate, 0.2−3.7 × 10 −3 M yr −1 , and that they smoothly extend the relation accretion-jet power found for more powerful radio-galaxies. This confirms the dominant role of hot gas and of the galactic coronae in powering radio-loud active galactic nuclei across ∼4 orders of magnitude in luminosity. A suggestive trend between jet power and location within the cluster also emerges.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Accretion and nuclear activity in Virgo early-type galaxies

Vattakunnel

Trussoni

Capetti

et al. 2010

A&A

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“…Moreover, at the lower X-ray luminosity, the exact contribution from hot gas might be difficult to assess with data of limited quality, due to both the contribution from stellar sources and the possible presence of outflowing gas. This is exemplified by NGC 3379, a very well studied nearby elliptical galaxy with deep Chandra observations (Brassington et al 2008): as discussed by Revnivtsev et al (2008), most of the soft diffuse emission is well explained by the stellar population. This is also the only galaxy in which gas in outflow has been detected, but its contribution is very low, at L gas ∼ 4 × 10 37 erg s −1 , M gas ∼ (3 ± 1) × 10 5 M (Trinchieri et al 2008b), well below previous estimates for a gas component.…”

Section: X-ray Emission From Isolated Galaxiesmentioning

confidence: 92%

The diverse X-ray properties of four truly isolated elliptical galaxies: NGC 2954, NGC 6172, NGC 7052, and NGC 7785

Memola¹,

Trinchieri²,

Wolter³

et al. 2009

A&A

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Aims. We investigate the X-ray properties of four isolated elliptical galaxies, selected from the Updated Zwicky Catalog according to strict isolation criteria. Isolated galaxies are not influenced by the group/cluster environment, and their X-ray emission can be studied independently of the often overwhelming contribution of the hot intergalactic medium. They are therefore suited to studying the X-ray characteristics relative to their intrinsic properties. Methods. We analyzed our own XMM-Newton and archival Chandra data in detail for three objects, and derived, when possible, the spatial and spectral characteristics of each source. An upper limit for the fourth one was obtained from archival ASCA data. We compared their characteristics with those of other 23 isolated objects for which X-ray and optical data are available in the literature. We explored possible theoretical explanations to interpret our results. Results. In spite of our attempt to select very homogeneous objects, both in terms of optical properties and environmental characteristics, we find a wide range in X-ray luminosities and L X /L B ratios for the four objects: two of them show a hot gaseous halo, whereas no gas is detected in the other two, to a factor >10 in luminosity. In fact, we find a large spread in the L X /L B for all galaxies considered, suggesting that the presence of hot gas is not easily related to the optical luminosity or to the mass, even in isolated systems. Younger objects tend to be less luminous in X-rays than older systems. However, it appears that older objects could span a wide range in luminosities.

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“…Following [29], we have therefore used a ChaRT/marx PSF simulation to subtract the nuclear emission and evaluate the effect of the observed increase in the background cluster surface brightness. The stellar population and unresolved low mass X-ray binaries contribute at most a few per cent of this background and are not considered further [36].…”

Section: Data Reductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new bound on axion-like particles

Marsh

Russell

Fabian

et al. 2017

J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys.

146

126

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Axion-like particles (ALPs) and photons can quantum mechanically interconvert when propagating through magnetic fields, and ALP-photon conversion may induce oscillatory features in the spectra of astrophysical sources. We use deep (370 ks), short frame time Chandra observations of the bright nucleus at the centre of the radio galaxy M87 in the Virgo cluster to search for signatures of light ALPs. The absence of substantial irregularities in the X-ray power-law spectrum leads to a new upper limit on the photon-ALP coupling, g aγ : using a very conservative model of the cluster magnetic field consistent with Faraday rotation measurements from M87 and M84, we find g aγ < 2.6 × 10 −12 GeV −1 at 95% confidence level for ALP masses m a ≤ 10 −13 eV. Other consistent magnetic field models lead to stronger limits of g aγ 1.1-1.5 × 10 −12 GeV −1 . These bounds are all stronger than the limit inferred from the absence of a gamma-ray burst from SN1987A, and rule out a substantial fraction of the parameter space accessible to future experiments such as ALPS-II and IAXO.

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Universal X-ray emissivity of the stellar population in early-type galaxies: unresolved X-ray sources in NGC 3379

Cited by 80 publications

References 36 publications

Accretion and nuclear activity in Virgo early-type galaxies

Accretion and nuclear activity in Virgo early-type galaxies

The diverse X-ray properties of four truly isolated elliptical galaxies: NGC 2954, NGC 6172, NGC 7052, and NGC 7785

A new bound on axion-like particles

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