“…Research has shown that in the first stage students often misunderstand the meaning of the tasks and misinterpret the terms used in the tasks (Bernardo, 1999;Klymchuk, Zverkova, Gruenwald, & Sauerbier, 2010). In the second stage, students struggle with identifying the mathematical concept or procedure that is needed to solve the tasks (Clements, 1980;Klymchuk et al, 2010). This difficulty relates to students' tendency either to ignore the context and try to apply a routine mathematical procedure without realistic considerations (Blum, 2015;Verschaffel, Greer, & De Corte, 2000;Xin, Lin, Zhang, & Yan, 2007) or to take too much account of the context of the tasks so that no mathematical concept or procedure is used (Boaler, 1994).…”