Unmet Pharmaceutical Needs During The Economic Crisis In Greece

Abstract

longstanding illness, absenteeism due to health problems, and at least some limitations in usual activities. The differences of the distributions between the two waves were examined with the χ 2 test. Income and education-related health inequalities were explored with the Erreygers Normalised Concentration index (C), and the overall performance with the Health Achievement index (I). Results: The prevalence of self-rated bad health decreased from 8.1% to 6.8% (p< 0.001), while it increased for long-term illness (39.7% vs. 49.3%, p< 0.001), absenteeism (15.9% vs. 16.3%, p< 0.001) and limitations (22.8% vs. 29.8%, p< 0.001) during the crisis. Pro-rich inequalities in self-rated bad health, longstanding illness and limitations became pro-poor in 2014 (all p< 0.001), while absenteeism was further concentrated in richer individuals (p = 0.108). Self-rated bad health and longstanding illness was less concentrated in the less educated categories (p< 0.001 and p= 0.522, respectively), and absenteeism was more concentrated in more educated individuals in 2014 (p= 0.039), while only the distribution changes in limitations favoured the less educated ones (p= 0.070). The overall country performance improved for self-rated bad health and absenteeism, and declined for limitations and longstanding illness concerning both income and education health inequalities. ConClusions: In general, population health has deteriorated during the crisis in Greece, while health inequalities have dampened in favour of the lower strata, possibly due to latent health effects of downward socioeconomic mobility.

Relationship between depression, anxiety, stress, and health-related quality of life in adults with and without chronic diseases: A cross-sectional study

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