Unnecessarily Neglected in Planning: Illustration of a Practical Approach to Identify Human Dimension Impacts of Marine Oil Spills

Lord, Fabienne; Tuler, Seth; Webler, Thomas; Dow, Kirstin

doi:10.1142/s1464333212500123

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Several studies also mentioned spill model in their work to support the mitigation of an oil spill across the State. This is to ensure that the effect of oil does not pose a threat to the larger society and put all necessary framework to check mate its occurrences, and development of a model predictor in spill sector trajectories, including human impact aspect of the vulnerable state of the spill (Abascal et al, 2009;Broström et al, 2011;Webler & Lord 2010;Lord et al, 2012). The Gulf of Mexico disaster created a Lagrangian model to quantify the parameters of time and average spill concentration, as well as deterministic and probabilistic modes, which was found to be effective for evaluating emergency response drills and risk-based coastal prioritizing (Payam & Mohammad, 2018).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geospatial Analysis of Oil Spill in the Selected Parts of the Niger Delta

Jonah¹,

Francis²

2023

JEGS

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Purpose: Oil pollution started as a cause of oil business in Nigeria that demonstrates political and economic undertone. Oil spills occurred during exploration, production and distribution of petroleum products, and created environmental impact. The nature of the business has indirect implicitness on the soil, water and the entire ecology as a whole. The aim of the paper was to analyse oil spill Geospatially and its objective was to discuss the causes, modelling and the sources of oil spill. Methodology: The materials used were cover ArcGIS 10.7, MS word, ENVI 4.5 and Landsat imagery of 2019 and the methodology involved image classification, vectorization, and spatial analysis. Findings: The study found out that illegal bunkering site are the causes of the spill, Asari-Toru reported 3, Delga 5 and Akulga 1. The study evaluated the impact level against thirty-four communities, Buguma, Tombia, Sama, Krakrama, Idama and Bille are placed under very high impacted state from (0.111m2 - 0.133m2). Following the stratification of the impacted result, Ido, Abalama, Opurobokokiri, Ifoko and Sangama are recorded against high area (0.083m2 -0.111m2). The mapping showed that the spread of oil spill cover 79416.180ha against 24.976% from the classification scheme. Conclusion: Satellite imageries have demonstrated the effectiveness of satellite-based mapping over the earth activity, especially oil pollution in the selected Local Government Area of Rivers State, Nigeria. Recommendation: The study recommended that Oil bunkers should stop the bunkering, and oil companies should set up vigilante group to monitoring the network of pipelines.

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Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geospatial Analysis of Oil Spill in the Selected Parts of the Niger Delta

Jonah¹,

Francis²

2023

JEGS

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“…Ideally the science is communicated clearly and compassionately while avoiding misconceptions (Bostrom et al, 2014a, 2014b; Bruine de Bruin and Bostrom, 2013). These science communications should be based on the current literature and recommendations from social scientists regarding the human dimensions associated with spill response (Lord et al, 2012; Webler and Lord, 2010). Any science communication with the public should be closely coordinated with the designated ICS public information and liaison officers.…”

Section: Formalize the Enhanced Science Support Network With Respondersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enabling Science Support for Better Decision‐Making when Responding to Chemical Spills

et al. 2016

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Chemical spills and accidents contaminate the environment and disrupt societies and economies around the globe. In the United States there were approximately 172,000 chemical spills that affected US waterbodies from 2004 to 2014. More than 8000 of these spills involved non-petroleum-related chemicals. Traditional emergency responses or incident command structures (ICSs) that respond to chemical spills require coordinated efforts by predominantly government personnel from multiple disciplines, including disaster management, public health, and environmental protection. However, the requirements of emergency response teams for science support might not be met within the traditional ICS. We describe the US ICS as an example of emergency-response approaches to chemical spills and provide examples in which external scientific support from research personnel benefitted the ICS emergency response, focusing primarily on nonpetroleum chemical spills. We then propose immediate, near-term, and long-term activities to support the response to chemical spills, focusing on nonpetroleum chemical spills. Further, we call for science support for spill prevention and near-term spill-incident response and identify longerterm research needs. The development of a formal mechanism for external science support of ICS from governmental and nongovernmental scientists would benefit rapid responders, advance incident-and crisis-response science, and aid society in coping with and recovering from chemical spills.

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“…The research was based on two premises. The first was that, although previous disasters provide an essential information source for anticipating future events, not all lessons may be transferrable across locales and the key to successful planning and learning from experience is that it be based on systematic assessment activities' [102]. The second premise was that developing realistic expectations of oil spill consequences requires an understanding of the full range of impacts and interactions within and across the affected systems.…”

Section: Communities At Risk Of Marine Oil Spills/anticipation and Prmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Oil Spills on Marine Life

Saadoun¹

2015

Emerging Pollutants in the Environment - Current and Further Implications

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Petroleum contamination is a growing environmental concern that harms both terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. However, the public and regulatory and scientific communities have given more attention to the contamination of marine habitats. This is because marine oil spills can have a serious economic impact on coastal activities, as well as on those who exploit the resources of the sea. Thus, communities that are at risk of oil disasters must anticipate the consequences and prepare for them.The deliberate release of around million barrels of oil during the Gulf War in the marine environment is the largest oil spill in history. In the Gulf of Mexico, the BP Deepwater Horizon DWH oil spill on th April, , which lasted over approximately three months, is the second largest in human history.When oil is spilled at sea it initially spreads out and moves on the water surface as a slick. It is a few millimetres thick and moves with the wind and current. At the same time, it undergoes a number of chemical and physical changes. The spreading of marine oil spills is affected by the action of winds, waves, water currents, oil type and temperature. Marine oil spills enhance the evaporation of volatile fractions such as low molecular weight alkanes and monoaromatic hydrocarbons. The natural actions, which are always at work in aquatic environment, include weathering, evaporation, oxidation, biodegradation and emulsification.Generally, the effects of oil toxicity depend on a multitude of factors. These include the oil composition and characteristics physical and chemical , condition i.e., weathered or not , exposure routes and regimen, and bioavailability of the oil. If the levels exceed the threshold concentration, the additive toxic effect of hydrocarbons can lead to mortality. PAHs are the major contributors to toxicity. They have different metabolic pathways that produce metabolites. These have oxidative and carcinogenic properties due to their ability to attack and bind to DNA and proteins. Inhaling

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Unnecessarily Neglected in Planning: Illustration of a Practical Approach to Identify Human Dimension Impacts of Marine Oil Spills

Cited by 7 publications

References 19 publications

Geospatial Analysis of Oil Spill in the Selected Parts of the Niger Delta

Geospatial Analysis of Oil Spill in the Selected Parts of the Niger Delta

Enabling Science Support for Better Decision‐Making when Responding to Chemical Spills

Impact of Oil Spills on Marine Life

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