Unnecessary axillary node dissections in the sentinel lymph node era

Outcome After Conservative Surgery and Breast Irradiation in 5,717 Patients With Breast Cancer: Implications for Supraclavicular Nodal Irradiation

“…Over the past 30 years there has been a major change in the local management of breast cancer, from mastectomy to a more conservative and cosmetic surgical operation (1)(2)(3). Similarly, in the last decade radiotherapists have reduced treatment volume in breast cancer (4)(5)(6).…”

The management of ductal intraepithelial neoplasia (DIN): open controversies and guidelines of the Istituto Europeo di Oncologia (IEO), Milan, Italy

“…In the few cases published in the literature [63,[68][69][70][78][79][80][81], in which AD was performed after an positive SLNB, in all cases but one (67/68, 98,5%) all the non-SLNs were negative and the SLN already biopsied was the only positive LN. That is why we conclude that in cases of DIN patients with a positive SLNB, AD should not be immediately performed except for only those cases that present mammary invasion on final pathologic evaluation.…”

“…always when mastectomy is performed [66,[68][69][70]; b) with large lesions (masses or micro-calcifications) and G3 tumors [66][67]; c) after performing core or mammotome biopsies. In these cases, because an invasive ductal carcinoma can be found at the final pathological diagnosis after surgery: generally, this upstaging 7 represents about 16-20% of these cases, with variations from 11-13% (in cases of either T1 or G1 lesions) to 36-45%(in cases of extended or G3 lesions) [71][72][73][74][75][76][77][78].…”

Intraepithelial Neoplasia of Breast

“…Major cancer centers agree that SLNB should be performed (a) always when mastectomy is performed (Cody 2007;Yi et al 2008;Intra et al 2007). (b)with large lesions (masses or micro-calcifications) and G3 tumors.…”