Unravelling the modus-operandi of chromenylium-cyanine fluorescent probes: a case study

Abstract

This versatile probe enables bioanalytical analysis of different species including singlet oxygen 1O2, under in vitro or in vivo conditions.

Fluorescent Probe for Transmembrane Dynamics during Osmotic Effects

“…The RCN consists of a chromenylium–cyanine structure derived from a cinnamic–chromenylium–cyanine structure ( RCin fragment) and a naphthalimide structure ( Naph fragment), Figure . By itself, the RCin fragment exhibits highly tunable optical properties, i.e., high solvatochromic effects, large Stoke shifts, and a well-defined dual-fluorescent behavior that can be promoted either by Kasha rule breaking, intramolecular proton transfer, or intramolecular charge transfer . However, the chromenylium–cyanine structure usually results in very low fluorescent quantum yields (Φ f of RCin = 0.01).…”

“…By itself, the RCin fragment exhibits highly tunable optical properties, i.e., high solvatochromic effects, large Stoke shifts, and a well-defined dualfluorescent behavior that can be promoted either by Kasha rule breaking, intramolecular proton transfer, or intramolecular charge transfer. 24 However, the chromenylium− cyanine structure usually results in very low fluorescent quantum yields (Φ f of RCin = 0.01). On the other side, the Naph fragment exhibits a high Φ f of 0.63 (Supporting Information), avoiding a versatile photophysical scheme and thus acting as a fluorescent signal enhancer.…”

Natural flavylium-inspired far-red to NIR-II dyes and their applications as fluorescent probes for biomedical sensing

“…Furthermore, stimulation with oligomycin and antimycin increased the fluorescence intensity in the nucleoli further due to the polarization of the mitochondrial membrane potential inducing higher ROS production. 108…”