2002
DOI: 10.1021/ar010071i
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Unsaturated O- and N-Heterocycles from Carbohydrate Feedstocks

Abstract: With reference to the impending transition of chemical industry from depleting fossil raw materials to renewable feedstocks--the end of cheap oil is predicted for 2040 at the latest--this account gives an overview on chemically transforming carbohydrates, by far the major part of the annually regrowing biomass, into the following unsaturated O- and N-heterocycles with versatile industrial application profiles: furans, pyrans, dihydropyranones, pyrroles, pyrazoles, imidazoles, pyridinols, pyrazines, and quinoxa… Show more

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Cited by 402 publications
(204 citation statements)
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“…A plausible mechanism for the formation of the selected product 4a-k in the presence of The structures of the new compounds 4a-d were confirmed by IR, 1 H, 13 C NMR and CHN as well as mass spectral data. For example, the IR spectrum of 4a showed distinct absorptions at 3435, 3324, and 1733, 1672 cm -1 corresponding to vibrations of its NH and CO groups.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 76%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…A plausible mechanism for the formation of the selected product 4a-k in the presence of The structures of the new compounds 4a-d were confirmed by IR, 1 H, 13 C NMR and CHN as well as mass spectral data. For example, the IR spectrum of 4a showed distinct absorptions at 3435, 3324, and 1733, 1672 cm -1 corresponding to vibrations of its NH and CO groups.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 76%
“…Among these widespread heterocyclic compounds, nitrogen heterocycles occupy a distinct position because of their wide natural abundance and their applications as biologically active pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and functional materials are becoming more and more important [11][12][13]. Among them, the indole ring system is probably the most well-known heterocycle, a common and important feature of various natural products and medicinal agents [14].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…[13][14][15] Porém, é importante destacar que dentro dessa classe estão incluídas muitas substâncias, mas poucas são as que efetivamente tem o potencial econômico para atrair o investimento das indústrias químicas. 16 Considera-se que em realidade são quatro carboidratos que têm esse potencial econômico desejado para produção de compostos químicos: celulose, amido, quitina e sacarose (Figura 4).…”
Section: Discussionunclassified
“…Approximately 75% of the biomass produced by Nature through the process of photosynthesis corresponds to carbohydrates, but only between 3-4% of these compounds are used for food and non-food purposes [6]. Therefore the use of carbohydrates as raw materials for the production of basic chemicals is an area of increasing interests [7][8][9][10][11]. In this sense, a variety of glycols (1,2-ethanediol, 1,2-propanediol, 1,2-butanediol or 2,3-butanediol) can be obtained from carbohydrates [1][2][3][4][5]12] as well as from glycerol [13,14] via bio-or chemocatalytic reactions.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%