Untangling generic limits in Azorella, Laretia, and Mulinum (Apiaceae: Azorelloideae): Insights from phylogenetics and biogeography

Nicolas, Antoine N.; Plunkett, Gregory M.

doi:10.1002/tax.614008

Cited by 31 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…– Laretia Gillies & Hook. clade (Apiaceae; Nicolas & Plunkett, ). Subsequent diversification of the NCA clade ( Aschersoniodoxa , Brayopsis , Dactylocardamum , Eudema ) in the central Andes also involved expansion into the northern Andes around the early Pliocene ( c .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversification patterns in the CES clade (Brassicaceae tribes Cremolobeae, Eudemeae, Schizopetaleae) in Andean South America

et al. 2016

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Dated molecular phylogenetic trees show that the Andean uplift had a major impact on South American biodiversity. For many Andean groups, accelerated diversification (radiation) has been documented. However, not all Andean lineages appear to have diversified following the model of rapid radiation, particularly in the central and southern Andes. Here, we investigated the diversification patterns for the largest South American-endemic lineage of Brassicaceae, composed of tribes Cremolobeae, Eudemeae and Schizopetaleae (CES clade). Species of this group inhabit nearly all Andean biomes and adjacent areas including the Atacama-Sechura desert, the Chilean Matorral and the Patagonian Steppe. First, we studied diversification times and historical biogeography of the CES clade. Second, we analysed diversification rates through time, lineages and associated life forms. Results demonstrate that early diversification of the CES clade occurred in the early to mid-Miocene (c. 12-19 Mya) and involved the central Andes, the southern Andes and the Patagonian Steppe, and the Atacama-Sechura desert. The Chilean Matorral and northern Andes were colonized subsequently in the early Pliocene (4-5 Mya). Diversification of the CES clade was recovered as a gradual process without any evidence for rate shifts or rapid radiation, in contrast to many other Andean groups analysed so far. Diversification time/rates and biogeographical patterns obtained for the CES clade are discussed and compared with patterns and conclusions reported for other Andean plant lineages.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversification patterns in the CES clade (Brassicaceae tribes Cremolobeae, Eudemeae, Schizopetaleae) in Andean South America

et al. 2016

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“…The potential climate vulnerability of a closely related cushion species has been demonstrated elsewhere. Localized dieback of sister taxon, A. selago (see Nicolas & Plunkett ), in the Kerguelen archipelago was observed in the 1990s and was theoretically identified as a consequence of annual drought (Frenot, Gloaguen & Trehen ). This vulnerability was later demonstrated in a manipulative field experiment aimed at predicting the likely consequences of climate change‐induced warming and drying on Marion Island (le Roux et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid collapse of a sub‐Antarctic alpine ecosystem: the role of climate and pathogens

Bergstrom

Bricher

Raymond

et al. 2015

Journal of Applied Ecology

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Summary1. Ecosystem change is predicted to become more prevalent with climate change. Widespread dieback of cushion plants and bryophytes in alpine fellfield on Macquarie Island may represent such change. Loss of the keystone endemic cushion plant, Azorella macquariensis, was so severe that it has been declared critically endangered. 2. We document the dieback and its extent. Due to the rapidity of the event, we sought to infer causes by testing two mechanistic hypotheses: (i) that extensive dieback was due to a pathogen and (ii) that dieback was a consequence of a change in climate that induced stress in several susceptible species. We searched for pathogens using both conventional and next-generation sequencing techniques. We examined plant functional morphology in conjunction with a long-term climate record of plant-relevant climate parameters to determine whether environmental conditions had become inimical for A. macquariensis. 3. Dieback was found across the entire range of A. macquariensis. A survey found 88% of 115 stratified/ random sites contained affected cushions and 84% contained dead bryophytes. Within-site dieback increased over time. 4. No conclusive evidence that A. macquariensis deaths were caused by a definitive diseasecausing pathogen emerged. However, the presence of bacterial, fungal and oomycete taxa, some potentially pathogenic, suggested that stressed cushions could become susceptible to infection. 5. The primary cause of collapse is suspected failure of A. macquariensis and other fellfield species to withstand recent decadal changes in summer water availability. Increased wind speed, sunshine hours and evapotranspiration resulted in accumulated deficits of plant available water spanning 17 years (1992)(1993)(1994)(1995)(1996)(1997)(1998)(1999)(2000)(2001)(2002)(2003)(2004)(2005)(2006)(2007)(2008). High vulnerability to interrupted water supply was consistent with functional morphology of A. macquariensis, and climate change has altered the species' environment from wet and misty to one subject to periods of drying. Journal of Applied Ecology 2015Ecology , 52, 774-783 doi: 10.1111Ecology /1365Ecology -2664 were complex and multiple stressors appeared to be impacting cumulatively may be relevant to other locations.

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“…(Simpson et al ., ), Barnadesioideae (Gruenstaeudl et al ., ), Azorella Lam. (Nicolas & Plunkett, ), Bomarea (Chacón et al ., ), Puya Molina (Jabaily & Sytsma, ), Solanaceae (Särkinen et al ., ) and Apiales (Nicolas & Plunkett, ) and in animals such as Proctoporus lizards (Doan, ) and Adelomyia hummingbirds (Chaves, Weir & Smith, ; see Luebert & Weigend, , for a comprehensive review). Our results thus agree with the general pattern of Andean biogeography observed in other groups.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Neogene rise of the tropical Andes facilitated diversification of wax palms (Ceroxylon: Arecaceae) through geographical colonization and climatic niche separation

Sanín¹,

Kissling

Bacon

et al. 2016

Bot. J. Linn. Soc.

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The tropical Andes are a biodiversity hotspot, partly due to their rich and complex floristic composition. A fundamental question regarding this outstanding biodiversity is what role the Andean orogeny has played in species diversification. Ceroxylon is a genus of endemic Andean palms that stands out in the palm family (Arecaceae) due to its adaptation to cold, mountainous environments. Here, we reconstruct the biogeography and climatic preference of this lineage to test the hypothesis that Andean uplift allowed diversification by providing suitable habitats along climatic and elevational gradients. Ancestral areas were reconstructed under a model allowing for founder-event speciation and climatic niches were inferred from climatic variables at present-day occurrences of all species. Niche evolution in a phylogenetic framework was evaluated by testing differences between the climatic niches of clades. Our analyses identified four main clades, with a general pattern of diversification through geographical colonization from south to north after the Pliocene uplift of the northern Andes. Adaptation to low temperatures was conserved at the generic level, with climatic niche differentiation among clades along elevational temperature gradients. We conclude that the Neogene Andean uplift has facilitated the diversification of this iconic plant group via opportunities for geographical migration and separation within its climatic niche.

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Untangling generic limits in Azorella, Laretia, and Mulinum (Apiaceae: Azorelloideae): Insights from phylogenetics and biogeography

Cited by 31 publications

References 46 publications

Diversification patterns in the CES clade (Brassicaceae tribes Cremolobeae, Eudemeae, Schizopetaleae) in Andean South America

Diversification patterns in the CES clade (Brassicaceae tribes Cremolobeae, Eudemeae, Schizopetaleae) in Andean South America

Rapid collapse of a sub‐Antarctic alpine ecosystem: the role of climate and pathogens

The Neogene rise of the tropical Andes facilitated diversification of wax palms (Ceroxylon: Arecaceae) through geographical colonization and climatic niche separation

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