Untersuchung des Auf‐ und Abbaues von Wasserstoff‐ und Sauerstoffbelegungen an Platin mit einer neuen instationären Methode

Will, Fritz G.; Knorr, C. A.

doi:10.1002/bbpc.19600640211

Cited by 14 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…51 Already in 1960, Will and Knorr reported that the shape of CV voltammograms depends on the crystallographic orientation of the platin-monocrystal electrode. 53 It is attributed to the difference in number of atoms occupying the lattice planes of various Miller indices, thus the binding energy varies. In case of lead UPD at single-crystal gold electrode in perchloric acid, CV voltammogram is composed of up to five peaks on Au (111).…”

Section: Underpotential Deposition Phenomenamentioning

confidence: 99%

Review—Voltammetric Sensors with Laterally Placed Working Electrodes: A Review

Porada

Jedlińska

Lipińska

et al. 2020

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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Voltammetric sensors with laterally placed working electrode are an interesting alternative to classic electrodes since they offer enhanced performance in electroanalysis. Their characteristics include easier preparation for measurement, removal of interferences and gas bubbles, amplification of mass-transport, and possibility of miniaturization and automation. In this review, construction and characteristics of the custom-designed in our team cyclically renewable, silver, gold, bismuth, glassy carbon, ceramic and amalgam annular band, bi-band, ring, and multidisc electrodes are discussed in detail. They represent the current trends in electroanalysis, aimed at reducing of amount of the used toxic electrode materials, like mercury and its compounds, and organic solvents used for a sample preparation, and are coherent with the concept of Green Chemistry. For each sensor type available strategies for mechanical and electrochemical surface renovation/activation before measurement are elucidated and evaluated on the basis of interpretation of voltammetric and tensammetric curves. Particular attention is put on electrochemical characteristics of the described sensors and their application for determination of trace amounts of metal ions and their complexes, organic compounds, and surface-active substances by means of tensammetry, and anodic, cathodic, adsorptive and catalytic adsorptive stripping voltammetry. Final considerations are addressed to the possibility of measurement automation and related future prospects.

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Section: Underpotential Deposition Phenomenamentioning

confidence: 99%

Review—Voltammetric Sensors with Laterally Placed Working Electrodes: A Review

Porada

Jedlińska

Lipińska

et al. 2020

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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“…In the electrochemistry literature of the 1950s and 60s, several investigators reported altered electrochemical activity on platinum depending on the potential range accessed by the electrode. Out of these observations, two theories on the cause of the activity changes arose: (1) scanning through more positive potentials oxidizes contaminants or organic materials in the electrolyte that had adsorbed to the electrode surface, thus freeing surface sites for charge transfer [59][60][61][62] and (2) scanning into the oxide formation potential region elicits 'activation' of the platinum surface, producing a layer of more active platinum sites [63][64][65][66][67]. French and Kuwana estimated that the activated state would revert to the inactivated state with a half-life of 46 minutes [67].…”

Section: Hydrogen Adsorption Is Dependent On the Potential Rangementioning

confidence: 99%

Electron transfer processes occurring on platinum neural stimulating electrodes: calculated charge-storage capacities are inaccessible during applied stimulation

et al. 2017

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Objective Neural prostheses employing platinum electrodes are often constrained by a charge/charge-density parameter known as the Shannon limit. In examining the relationship between charge injection and observed tissue damage, the electrochemistry at the electrode-tissue interface should be considered. The charge-storage capacity (CSC) is often used as a predictor of how much charge an electrode can inject during stimulation, but calculating charge from a steady-state i-E curve (cyclic voltammogram) over the water window misrepresents how electrodes operate during stimulation. We aim to gain insight into why CSC predictions from classic i-E curves overestimate the amount of charge that can be injected during neural stimulation pulsing. Approach In this study, we use a standard electrochemical technique to investigate how platinum electrochemistry depends on the potentials accessed by the electrode and on the electrolyte composition. Main Results The experiments indicate: 1) platinum electrodes must be subjected to a “cleaning” procedure in order to expose the maximum number of surface platinum sites for hydrogen adsorption; 2) the “cleaned” platinum surface will likely revert to an obstructed condition under typical neural stimulation conditions; 3) irreversible oxygen reduction may occur under neural stimulation conditions, so the consequences of this reaction should be considered; and 4) the presence of the chloride ion (Cl−) or proteins (bovine serum albumin) inhibits oxide formation and alters H adsorption. Significance These observations help explain why traditional CSC calculations overestimate the charge that can be injected during neural stimulation. The results underscore how careful electrochemical examination of the electrode-electrolyte interface can result in more accurate expectations of electrode performance during applied stimulation.

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Cyclic voltammetry

Vielstich

2010

Handbook of Fuel Cells

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Cyclic voltammetry (CV) is the most commonly used method in electrocatalysis. The technique offers a first view on electrode/electrolyte systems in the potential window of interest. For most metals and alloys, reproducible results can be obtained after cycling the surface in a base electrolyte and over suitable potential ranges. Cyclic voltammograms of some metal/electrolyte interfaces and some selected charge transfer reactions, of interest in fuel cell electrocatalysis, are presented. The use of CV for investigations, e.g., with ultramicro‐electrodes, rotating electrodes (disc and ring/disc), as well as in combination with online mass spectroscopy and Fourier‐transform infrared radiation spectroscopy, is outlined.

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Untersuchung des Auf‐ und Abbaues von Wasserstoff‐ und Sauerstoffbelegungen an Platin mit einer neuen instationären Methode

Cited by 14 publications

References 34 publications

Review—Voltammetric Sensors with Laterally Placed Working Electrodes: A Review

Review—Voltammetric Sensors with Laterally Placed Working Electrodes: A Review

Electron transfer processes occurring on platinum neural stimulating electrodes: calculated charge-storage capacities are inaccessible during applied stimulation

Cyclic voltammetry

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