The effect of iv glucagon injections on growth hormone (GH) secretion has been studied in 45 children. A rapid increase in GH plasma values within 30 min was seen in 15 out of 23 normal, 6 out of 12 obese, and 3 out of 10 diabetic subjects. Maximal individual increments ranged from 4.1 to 16.8 ng/ml in the normal, 2.1 to 6.3 ng/ml in the obese, and 2.1 to 4.2 ng/ml in the diabetic responders, respectively. A lower incidence in the GH response and smaller peaks in the obese, as compared to normal weight subjects, agree with many studies using different stimuli. The hyporesponsiveness of diabetic children to glucagon remains unexplained. Some correlation between GH responses and nausea or sick feeling, which occurred in many children following the glucagon load of 1 mg, seemed to indicate stress-like mechanisms as the major cause of this phenomenon, but the possible relevance of more specific glucagon effects cannot be excluded.