Untreated neuroborreliosis: Bannwarth's syndrome evolving into acute schizophrenia-like psychosis

Roelcke, Ulrich; Barnett, Winfried; Wilder-Smith, Einar; Sigmund, D; Hacke, Werner

doi:10.1007/bf00833910

Cited by 50 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…However, there are some case studies of Lyme disease reporting neurological and psychiatric fi ndings clinically similar to symptoms of schizophrenia in patients with neuroborreliosis (Barnett 1991;Roelcke et al 1992;van den Bergen 1993;Grzywa et al 2004;B ä r et al 2005).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…The most frequently debated and researched microbial agents are T. gondii (Torrey and Yolken 2003;Henriquez et al 2009) and herpes simplex virus type 1 (Shirts et al 2008; ( Barnett et al 1991). Roelcke et al (1992) described a meningopolyradiculitis patient with similar psychotic clinic to acute schizophrenia and second-stage neuroborreliosis caused by Borrelia burgdorferi . Another case study described a 64-year-old woman with Lyme psychosis, including hallucinations, found positive for Borrelia burgdorferi (van den Bergen et al 1993).…”

Section: Yolken Et Al 2011) In Addition It Is Reported Thatmentioning

confidence: 98%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Seroprevalence of anti-Toxoplasma gondiiand anti-Borreliaspecies antibodies in patients with schizophrenia: a case–control study from western Turkey

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et al. 2015

The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry

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Our data showed the rate of Toxoplasma antibodies was higher in the case group, while the rate of Borrelia antibodies was higher in the control group. In both groups the high rates of seropositivity for Toxoplasma gondii and Borrelia sp. is thought to be due to neglect of personal hygiene. The present study also is the first to examine the association between Borrelia sp. and schizophrenia. Further studies are needed to determine whether there is an association between Borrelia sp. and schizophrenia or not.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Yolken Et Al 2011) In Addition It Is Reported Thatmentioning

confidence: 98%

Seroprevalence of anti-Toxoplasma gondiiand anti-Borreliaspecies antibodies in patients with schizophrenia: a case–control study from western Turkey

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Çelik

Akçalı

et al. 2015

The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry

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“…There are reports of rapid decrease in LNB psychosis with ceftriaxone treatment (Roelcke et al 1992;Pfister et al 1993), though continuing symptoms requiring psychiatric treatment are not uncommon in LNB (Pfister et al 1991;Ljøstad and Mygland 2010;Markeljevic et al 2011). Similar to this case, one study in patients with post-treatment Lyme encephalopathy reported that ceftriaxone therapy resulted in cognitive improvement, with relapse after the antibiotic was discontinued (Fallon et al 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Ceftriaxone and Infection in First Episode Adolescent Psychosis

Mehmet

PatelSanjay

Aurora

et al. 2013

Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology

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Chief Complaint and Presenting ProblemJ . is a 16-year-old adolescent boy in tenth grade referred to adolescent inpatient service after several months of progressive withdrawal that culminated in marked decrease in speech and activity, and refusal to leave his room. J. was referred from home to a local emergency department by mobile crisis services, and then transferred to an adolescent inpatient unit for admission. History of Present IllnessMother reported an uneventful history, denying recent or past psychiatric symptoms for psychotic, mood, developmental, disruptive behavior, impulse control, and anxiety disorders. Two years prior to admission, at age 14, J. was reported to have been shot in the lower extremity by a stray bullet; this injury resulted in a slow, unsteady, limping gait and chronic foot infection. As a result, J. was absent from school much of the year. Although he went out with his friends occasionally, he was reportedly not as active as he had been in the past. Neither J. nor his mother endorsed mood or posttraumatic anxiety symptoms for that time period. However, J. reported that he could not play basketball because of the injury. In addition, one year prior to admission his 25-year-old brother, who had in utero transmission of HIV, died of AIDS related complications. J. acknowledged he was sad, elaborating no further.Mother, who was HIV positive, reported that she had been increasingly ill beginning around the time of J.'s brother's death as a result of renal failure, which had required frequent dialysis, clinic visits, and hospitalizations. J. acknowledged worrying about her, especially when she was in the hospital. Her last discharge was two months prior to the beginning of his increasing withdrawal. During her hospitalizations J. stayed with an aunt, where he had to function with a higher level of independence than usual. He was required to take care of various daily needs himself, and take trains to come into the city. His aunt, who seems reliable, reported he was doing well, without decrease in functioning. As J. was not a reliable historian due to psychosis, and his mother provided sparse history, possibly due to her own illness and losses, this was helpful in establishing the beginning of the current syndrome.In this context, mother reported that J. had been acting normally until about four months prior to admission, when one day, without explanation, he stopped attending school. Within a month he was no longer leaving the apartment, and over the last several weeks he was refusing to leave his room. During this period J. was reported to be withdrawn and less communicative, as he rarely responded to direct questions. He ate and drank when his mother brought him food, but not much.Upon questioning, J. acknowledged hearing voices but would not disclose any details. He denied visual hallucinations, olfactory hallucinations, ideas of reference, and mood and anxiety symptoms. He admitted to smoking marijuana in the past but was unable to provide details. He denied suicidal or homicidal ideat...

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“…Only a few epidemiologic studies have evaluated the frequency of antibodies to Bb in psychiatric patients; one study found only 1/517 (0.2%) of all adult psychiatric patients had Lyme titer seropositivity (Nadelman et al, 1997) and the other larger study found that 322/926 (35%) of psychiatric inpatients had seropositivity to antibodies to Bb (Hajek et al, 2002). While a few cases have been reported (Hess et al, 1999; Mattingley and Koola, 2015; Roelcke et al, 1992) no studies to our knowledge have examined Lyme disease prevalence in patients with psychosis or schizophrenia or from a population of those being treated in the outpatient setting where infection may be more likely. It is interesting to note that seasonal (March to April) distribution of increased LD infection risk corresponds with the birth excess for schizophrenia in the winter months (Tochigi et al, 2004).…”

Section: Dear Editorsmentioning

confidence: 99%