Unusual drug reaction with features of colchicine toxicity in a patient on colchicine and allopurinol

Abstract

A 58-year-old woman was admitted for heart failure and concern for cardiogenic shock. The patient had been recently placed on colchicine and allopurinol, 4 months and 3 weeks, respectively, prior to admission. Upon admission, she had a cutaneous eruption that had started abruptly several days after allopurinol initiation. It included multiple erythematous papules with scant scale on the forearms and numerous erythematous papules on the legs. Because of the varied morphologic presentation, biopsies from both the thigh and forearm were performed for a suspected drug reaction. The specimen from the thigh showed a superficial-dermal, band-like lymphocytic infiltrate with dyskeratosis and numerous intraepidermal mitotic figures predominantly in metaphase. In addition, there were neutrophils with leukocytoclasia. The specimen from the forearm showed superficial perivascular lymphocytic inflammation and intraepidermal dyskeratosis with mitotic figures similar to the thigh biopsy specimen but without a dermal neutrophilic infiltrate. An unusual drug eruption with features of colchicine toxicity was favored. Colchicine toxicity is not a commonly encountered clinical scenario and cutaneous findings have only rarely been described. Herein we report an exceedingly rare case of an unusual drug reaction with "colchicine figures" (i.e., ring-shaped mitotic figures arrested in metaphase) consistent with colchicine toxicity.