Unusual Glycosaminoglycans from a Deep Sea Hydrothermal Bacterium Improve Fibrillar Collagen Structuring and Fibroblast Activities in Engineered Connective Tissues

Abstract

Biopolymers produced by marine organisms can offer useful tools for regenerative medicine. Particularly, HE800 exopolysaccharide (HE800 EPS) secreted by a deep-sea hydrothermal bacterium displays an interesting glycosaminoglycan-like feature resembling hyaluronan. Previous studies demonstrated its effectiveness to enhance in vivo bone regeneration and to support osteoblastic cell metabolism in culture. Thus, in order to assess the usefulness of this high-molecular weight polymer in tissue engineering and tissue repair, in vitro reconstructed connective tissues containing HE800 EPS were performed. We showed that this polysaccharide promotes both collagen structuring and extracellular matrix settle by dermal fibroblasts. Furthermore, from the native HE800 EPS, a low-molecular weight sulfated derivative (HE800 DROS) displaying chemical analogy with heparan-sulfate, was designed. Thus, it was demonstrated that HE800 DROS mimics some properties of heparan-sulfate, such as promotion of fibroblast proliferation and inhibition of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) secretion. Therefore, we suggest that the HE800EPS family can be considered as an innovative biotechnological source of glycosaminoglycan-like compounds useful to design biomaterials and drugs for tissue engineering and repair.

Prospecting exopolysaccharides produced by selected bacteria associated with marine organisms for biotechnological applications

“…PRIM-24. Peaks characteristic to sulfate groups at 1250 cm 1 [29] were observed in the EPSs of Alteromonas sp. PRIM-21 and Nitratireductor sp.…”

Role of seaweed laminaran from Saccharina longicruris on matrix deposition during dermal tissue-engineered production

“…Tissue thickness can be increased via an increase in collagen secretion and/or via an increase in collagen deposition. Senni et al [47] have demonstrated that deep sea hydrothermal bacteria glycosaminoglycans, resembling hyaluronan, can improve collagen aggregation and potently collagen deposition. ␤-Glucan is known to be a structure forming agent, creating helical micelles with other molecules [48], which could also act as an aggregating agent for collagen molecules.…”

Binding of Hg by bacterial extracellular polysaccharide: a possible role in Hg tolerance

“…Other treatment options include chelators such as penicilliamine, dimercapol, and unithiol; but these have strong side effects including nephrotoxicity, hypersensitivity, GI disorders, convulsions, and headache (Rafati-Rahimzadeh et al 2014). The clinical use of bacterial EPS has gained attention in recent years (Nichols et al 2005;Senni et al 2013;Zanchetta et al 2003), and they might be a safer way to effectively chelate Hg in the human body. Another potential use for these EPS is the bioremediation of Hg contaminated waste streams.…”