Upcycling green carbon black as a reinforcing agent for styrene–butadiene rubber materials

Lee, So-Hyeon; Kim, Jun‐Hyun; Park, Hyun‐Ho

doi:10.1039/d2ra05299g

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 53 publications

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“…Given its unique physicochemical properties, CB has served as an essential filler for tires, plastics, protective materials, electronic devices, and purification systems. In contrast to conventional CB, green carbon black (GCB) has been extracted from scrap tires via sequential anaerobic pyrolysis and a controlled pulverization process, but has shown somewhat inferior overall physical properties for practical applications [6][7][8][9][10]. To overcome one of the properties associated with limited surface areas, developing a simple strategy to regulate the structural features of the GCB helps to improve the uptake capability to serve as a potential absorbent.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing Uptake Capability of Green Carbon Black Recycled from Scrap Tires for Water Purification

Choi,

Kang,

Yang

et al. 2024

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This study reports on the highly simple fabrication of green carbon black (GCB) generated from scrap tires with acetic acid to improve the adsorption efficiency for water purification, which is thoroughly compared with conventional carbon black (CB) obtained from petrochemicals. Unlike traditional modification processes with strong acids or bases, the introduction of a relatively mild acid readily allowed for the effective modification of GCB to increase the uptake capability of metal ions and toxic organic dyes to serve as effective adsorbents. The morphological features and thermal decomposition patterns were examined by electron microscopy and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The surface functional groups were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The structural information (ratio of D-defects/G band-graphitic domains) obtained by Raman spectroscopy clearly suggested the successful fabrication of GCB (ID/IG ratio of 0.74), which was distinctively different from typical CB (ID/IG ratio of 0.91). In the modified GCB, the specific surface area (SBET) gradually increased with the reduction of pore size as a function of acetic acid content (52.97 m2/g for CB, 86.64 m2/g for GCB, 102.10-119.50 m2/g for acid-treated GCB). The uptake capability of the modified GCB (312.5 mg/g) for metal ions and organic dyes was greater than that of the unmodified GCB (161.3 mg/g) and typical CB (181.8 mg/g), presumably due to the presence of adsorbed acid. Upon testing them as adsorbents in an aqueous solution, all these carbon materials followed the Langmuir isotherm over the Freundlich model. In addition, the removal rates of cationic species (>70% removal of Cu2+ and crystal violet in 30 min) were much faster and far greater than those of anionic metanil yellow (<40% removal in 3 h), given the strong electrostatic interactions. Thus, this work demonstrates the possibility of recycling waste tires in the powder form of GCB as a cost-effective and green adsorbent that can potentially substitute traditional CB, and the modification strategy provides a proof of concept for developing simple fabrication guidelines of other carbonaceous materials.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing Uptake Capability of Green Carbon Black Recycled from Scrap Tires for Water Purification

Choi,

Kang,

Yang

et al. 2024

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The synergistic influence mechanism of the alkali metal sodium and CO2 on coal rapid pyrolysis soot: Experiments and DFT calculations

Zhao,

Jin,

et al. 2025

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Catalytic Activity of Incorporated Palladium Nanoparticles on Recycled Carbon Black from Scrap Tires

Hou,

Ren,

Chen

et al. 2024

ACS Omega

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A stable support substrate for catalytically active metal nanoparticles (NPs) plays an important role in various chemical transformation reactions. This study describes the effective integration of catalytically active palladium nanoparticles (PdNPs) into recycled carbon black (rCB) obtained from scrap tires. The loading efficiency and dispersion degree of PdNPs prepared via a deposition−precipitation method are thoroughly compared to those prepared with conventional Vulcan CB. As the rCB powder exhibits relatively larger surface areas and wider pore size distributions, slightly polydisperse and more PdNPs are integrated across rCB than those on CB. These composite materials are subsequently tested as catalysts in the Suzuki coupling and styrene hydrogenation reactions. For the Suzuki reaction using phenylboronic acid and bromobenzene, the PdNPs on rCB exhibit slightly higher reactivity than those on CB (TOF of ∼9/h vs ∼8/h), presumably due to the structural features of the integrated PdNPs and the relatively hydrophobic characteristics of the rCB substrate. For the hydrogenation reaction, both composite materials easily result in over 99% yield under ambient conditions with similar activation energies of ∼32 kcal/mol. These composite materials are also recyclable in both reactions without a detectable loss of the PdNP catalyst and its activity. Understanding the physicochemical properties of rCB and demonstrating their potential use as a catalyst support substrate evidently suggest the possibility of replacing conventional CB, which also provides an idea of upcycling waste tires in the development of practical and green reaction systems.

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Upcycling green carbon black as a reinforcing agent for styrene–butadiene rubber materials

Abstract: Green carbon black (GCB) could be upcyclable as an eco-friendly filler for styrene butadiene rubber (SBR)-based composite materials to replace conventional virgin carbon black (VCB) upon properly utilizing POSS.

Cited by 3 publications

References 53 publications

Enhancing Uptake Capability of Green Carbon Black Recycled from Scrap Tires for Water Purification

Enhancing Uptake Capability of Green Carbon Black Recycled from Scrap Tires for Water Purification

The synergistic influence mechanism of the alkali metal sodium and CO2 on coal rapid pyrolysis soot: Experiments and DFT calculations

Catalytic Activity of Incorporated Palladium Nanoparticles on Recycled Carbon Black from Scrap Tires

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