Update Evaluation of Under-Ocean Floor Seawater Intake and Discharge

Development of an Environmental Impact Assessment and Decision Support System for Seawater Desalination Plants

“…The intake in combination with a 100 µm and 5 µm cartridge filter were found to achieve sufficient DOC and turbidity removal to be used as feed water to a SWRO plant. The performance was comparable to effluent produced by a microfiltration system [41].…”

“…Surface intakes include the nearshore intakes of most distillation plants, which are often located directly at the shoreline, and the submerged intakes which are more common for large SWRO projects and which are typically located further offshore and in greater water depths. For SWRO plants, different types of subsurface intakes with either vertical or horizontal collectors have been tested or used successfully [5,[38][39][40][41][42]Figure 7], including:…”

Intakes and Outfalls for Seawater Reverse-Osmosis Desalination Facilities

“…Preliminary design concepts for seabed filtration or a seabed galley intake system were published by Missimer and Horvath (1991), and Missimer (1994. After many years, the proposed use of seabed gallery intake systems has undergone renewed interest in Japan (Fukami 2002;Okamoto et al 2005) and California (Wang et al 2007(Wang et al , 2009Allen et al 2008). In 2005, the first large-scale seabed gallery intake system was installed at Fukuoka, Japan (Hamano et al 2006;Pankratz 2006;Fig.…”