Update from the 4th Edition of the World Health Organization Classification of Head and Neck Tumours: Mucosal Melanomas

Williams, Michelle D.

doi:10.1007/s12105-017-0789-y

Cited by 63 publications

(105 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…However, perineural invasion was not observed microscopically. Cellular morphology of sinonasal mucosal melanoma included epithelioid, plasmacytoid, spindled, undifferentiated and mixed types [1,19]. Cellular morphology didn't correlate with DSS (data not shown).…”

Section: Clinicopathologic Features and Survival Of Sinonasal Mucosalmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Therefore, in the 7 th edition of AJCC Cancer Staging Manual, development of sinonasal mucosal melanoma was categorized into four stages, namely stages III, IVA, IVB and IVC. According to the 8 th edition of AJCC Cancer Staging Manual, 5-year survival rates of nasal and sinonasal mucosal melanoma were 15-30% and 0-5%, respectively [1]. In our previous study, we also found that, as lethal as sinonasal melanoma, approximately 10% of patients could survive for over 5 years without metastasis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Melanoma is a large entity of malignant tumor with increasing incidence and poor prognosis [1]. Among melanomas of all sites, mucosal melanoma takes up less than 1%; among which, 1/3 occurs in the sinonasal tract [2][3][4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The extreme aggressiveness of sinonasal mucosal melanoma is gradually being acknowledged. From the 7 th edition of AJCC Cancer Staging Manual on, mucosal melanoma has been assigned its own staging system, which is distinct from that of other mucosal diseases and cutaneous melanoma [1]. Stages T1 and T2 were also abolished to warn clinicians that even shallow and confined head and neck mucosal melanoma is of poor prognosis [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…From the 7 th edition of AJCC Cancer Staging Manual on, mucosal melanoma has been assigned its own staging system, which is distinct from that of other mucosal diseases and cutaneous melanoma [1]. Stages T1 and T2 were also abolished to warn clinicians that even shallow and confined head and neck mucosal melanoma is of poor prognosis [1]. Therefore, in the 7 th edition of AJCC Cancer Staging Manual, development of sinonasal mucosal melanoma was categorized into four stages, namely stages III, IVA, IVB and IVC.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Identification and Functional Evaluation of miR-4633-5p as a Biomarker and Tumor Suppressor in Metastatic Melanoma

Zou

Zhu

Liu

et al. 2018

Cell Physiol Biochem

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Background/Aims: Sinonasal mucosal melanoma (SMM) is a rare but extremely aggressive disease. Interestingly, however, as lethal as SMM, a few patients could survive for over 5 years without metastasis. However, biomarkers for metastatic SMM are lacking. Methods: Laser-capture microdissection combined with microRNA microarray and RT-qPCR was performed in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue samples from SMM patients whose follow-up studies were carried out in parallel. In vitro cell proliferation and invasion assays, gelatin zymography, western blot analysis and RT-qPCR were performed in melanoma cell lines. Results: In the discovery stage, miR-4633-5p expressed differentially in sinonasal mucosal melanoma patients with short and long disease-specific survival. Subsequent large-sample validation revealed that expression of miR-4633-5p was lower in metastatic SMM than in non-metastatic patients (P< 0.001). Moreover, miR-4633-5p^low was able to identify metastatic SMM with specificity of 100% (5/5) and sensitivity of 87.5% (21/24). Multivariate analysis further pinpointed miR-4633-5p as an independent marker for metastasis (relative risk: 54.22, P< 0.001). In vitro, overexpression of miR-4633-5p suppressed the growth and invasiveness of melanoma cells through inhibiting activation of Akt pathway and secretion of MMP2, while knockdown of miR-4633-5p reversed the inhibitory effects. Conclusion: Our findings underpin miR-4633-5p as a predictive biomarker in metastatic SMM and a pivotal tumor suppressor that negatively regulates the invasive growth of melanoma cells. Quantitative detection of miR-4633-5p can diagnostically predict the risk of metastasis in SMM patients, which, in turn, may lead to more personalized treatment with better prognosis.

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Section: Clinicopathologic Features and Survival Of Sinonasal Mucosalmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Identification and Functional Evaluation of miR-4633-5p as a Biomarker and Tumor Suppressor in Metastatic Melanoma

Zou

Zhu

Liu

et al. 2018

Cell Physiol Biochem

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Peritheliomatous pattern: A diagnostic clue for diagnosing metastatic melanoma in cytology

Baskota

Xing

Pantanowitz

2020

Cancer Cytopathology

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BACKGROUND:A peritheliomatous pattern (PP) in tumors is characterized by a sheath of viable tumor cells closely surrounding a central blood vessel. In the authors' cytology practice, such a PP has been recognized in several metastatic melanoma specimens. The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of a PP in cytology samples of melanoma in comparison with other tumors. METHODS: Eighty archival fine-needle aspiration (FNA) cases of metastatic melanoma were compared with 65 control cases (35 poorly differentiated/metastatic carcinomas, 15 lymphomas, and 15 recurrent/metastatic/high-grade sarcomas). Cytologic findings were correlated with corresponding histologic specimens, which were available for 44 cases (55%) in the melanoma group and for 23 cases (35.38%) in the control group. All slides were examined for a PP and were semiquantitatively graded for comparison. RESULTS: A PP was present in 51.3% of the cytologic preparations (n = 41) among the melanoma group cases, whereas in the control group, a PP was present in only 3.1% of the cases (n = 2).A PP was present in 65.9% of melanomas with available histologic sections (n = 29) and in 8.7% of tissue samples from the control group (n = 2). A PP was seen more often in cell blocks than direct smear preparations (51.3% vs 40.0%) from patients with melanoma. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of a characteristic PP can be helpful in diagnosing melanoma in FNA samples because it was present in almost half of the metastatic melanoma cases in this study and was rarely present in other tumor types. A PP is easier to recognize and more often presents in cell blocks than aspirate smears. Ancillary studies such as immunohistochemistry are helpful for excluding other entities that may exhibit a PP.

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Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging and Intravoxel Incoherent Motion in Differentiating Nasal Malignancies

et al. 2019

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Objectives/Hypothesis: To evaluate the usefulness of diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) and intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) in the differentiation of sinonasal malignant tumors (SNMTs) with different histological types. Study Design: Retrospective observational and diagnostic study. Methods: Sixty-five patients with SNMTs who underwent DKI and IVIM were enrolled in this retrospective study, including 27 squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs), 13 olfactory neuroblastomas (ONBs), 14 malignant melanomas (MMs) and 11 lymphomas. The kurtosis (K) and diffusion coefficient (Dk) from DKI and the pure diffusion coefficient (D), pseudodiffusion coefficient (D*), perfusion fraction (f), and the product of D* and f (fÁD*) from IVIM were measured. Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn multiple comparison tests with Bonferroni correction, receiver operating characteristic curve, and logistic regression analyses were used for statistical analysis. Results: Lymphomas demonstrated the highest K values but lowest Dk, D, D*, f, and fÁD* values among these four malignant tumors. ONBs exhibited high K values and MMs had highest D*, f, and fÁD* values. The cutoff value of ≤0.887 × 10 −3 mm 2 /sec for fÁD* provided a sensitivity, specificity, and an accuracy of 100%, 98.1%, and 98.5%, respectively, for differentiating lymphomas from the other three entities. The combination of fÁD* and D values showed a sensitivity of 92.9% and a specificity of 92.5% for the discrimination of MMs from ONBs and SCCs. The K value was useful for differentiating ONBs from SCCs, with a threshold value of 0.942 (sensitivity, 84.6%; specificity, 63.0%). Conclusions: The combined use of DKI and IVIM is helpful for differentiating among four histological types of SNMTs.

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Update from the 4th Edition of the World Health Organization Classification of Head and Neck Tumours: Mucosal Melanomas

Abstract: therapeutic targetability. The recognition of the distinct genetic changes in this subgroup of melanomas means that therapy advances in cutaneous melanomas may not translate to head and neck mucosal melanomas and clinical trials specific to this subgroup of patients are needed.

Cited by 63 publications

References 39 publications

Identification and Functional Evaluation of miR-4633-5p as a Biomarker and Tumor Suppressor in Metastatic Melanoma

Identification and Functional Evaluation of miR-4633-5p as a Biomarker and Tumor Suppressor in Metastatic Melanoma

Peritheliomatous pattern: A diagnostic clue for diagnosing metastatic melanoma in cytology

Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging and Intravoxel Incoherent Motion in Differentiating Nasal Malignancies

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