Update of the statements on biology and clinical impact of occult hepatitis B virus infection

Raimondo, Giovanni; Locarnini, Stephen; Pollicino, Teresa; Levrero, Massimo; Zoulim, Fabien; Lok, Anna S.; Allain, Jean‐Pierre; Berg, Thomas; Bertoletti, Antonio; Brunetto, M.R.; Bruno, Raffaele; Chen, Ding‐Shinn; Coppola, Nicola; Cornberg, Markus; Craxı̀, Antonio; Dandri, Maura; Marco, V. Di; Ferrari, Carlo; Gaeta, Giovanni Battista; Glebe, Dieter; Guidotti, Luca G.; Kramvis, Anna; Lampertico, Pietro; Li, Chengyao; Liang, Jake; Marzano, Alfredo; Michalak, T.I.; Pawlotsky, Jean‐Michel; Prati, Daniele; Puoti, Massimo; Samuel, Didier; Soriano, Vincent; Squadrito, Giovanni; Sureau, Camille; Trépo, C.; Yuen, Man‐Fung

doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2019.03.034

Cited by 408 publications

(550 citation statements)

References 129 publications

(146 reference statements)

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“…In fact, the risk of OBI was higher in subjects with HCC than in those with cirrhosis and higher in the latter group than those with chronic hepatitis. Probably, the high risk of OBI in patients with HCC or cirrhosis may be related to an older age of these patients, and thus at a higher risk of HBV infection and OBI; however, several data have suggested that OBI was associated with a more severe chronic liver disease and HCC in subjects with underlying chronic liver disease due to other aetiologies …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The main characteristics of the 34 studies included in the meta-analysis are summarized in Tables 1 and 2; 6 26,29,42,45,51,53 evaluated the prevalence of OBI in subjects without chronic liver disease, 30 5,7,[22][23][24][25][26][27][28][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50]52 in those with chronic liver disease and 2 26,45 in both. All were cross-sectional studies, but 3 7,46,50 were cohort studies.…”

Section: Study Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Overall, the studies included a total of 2729 HBsAg-negative subjects. Of the 34 studies included, sixteen were conducted in Italy, 5,7,[33][34][35]37,39,[41][42][43]45,48,49,[51][52][53] seven in the United States, 22,26,30,32,36,44,47 four in France, 23,24,27,46 two in Spain, 25,28 one each in Austria, 31 United Kingdom, 29 Germany 40 and Portugal, 50 and one was a multinational European study. 28 Considering the six studies enrolling subjects without chronic liver disease, 3 45 4 studies involved only patients with HCC.…”

Section: Study Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2,3 The development of sensitive assays to detect small amounts of HBV DNA has favoured the identification of occult HBV infection (OBI) characterized by HBV DNA detectable in liver tissue and HBsAg undetectable in serum. 4,5 In patients with chronic hepatitis C, occult HBV infection has been associated with more severe liver damage and a higher risk of HCC [6][7][8] in subjects with underlying chronic liver disease due to other aetiologies. In immunosuppressed patients, occult hepatitis B may reactivate, [9][10][11] particularly in onco-haematological patients receiving chemotherapy, 12 but also in other settings.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An estimation of the prevalence of occult HBV infection in Western Europe and in Northern America: A meta‐analysis

Pisaturo

Onorato

Russo

et al. 2019

Journal of Viral Hepatitis

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Data on the prevalence of occult HBV infection (OBI) in Western Europe and in Northern America are few; hence, we conducted a systematic review and meta‐analysis. All studies included had to fulfil the following inclusion criteria: (a) they investigated the prevalence of OBI (HBV DNA in liver tissue in HBsAg‐negative subjects), (b) were carried out in Western Europe and in Northern America; (c) were available as a full‐text manuscript, (d) written in English and (e) published up to December 2018. The exclusion criteria were as follows: (a) meta‐analyses, letters, reviews, meeting abstracts or editorial comments; (b) studies investigating HBsAg‐positive patients; (c) those investigating OBI outside Western Europe and in Northern America; and (d) to avoid small sample bias in the random‐effects model, those enrolling less than five subjects. Thirty‐four studies met the inclusion criteria, allowing a meta‐analysis on 2729 patients. The overall prevalence of OBI was 34% (95% CI = 26%‐42%), 28% (CI 95%: 12%‐48%) in 329 subjects without chronic liver disease and 35% (95% CI 26%‐44%) in 2400 patients with chronic liver disease. The prevalence of OBI was 51% (95% CI 40%‐62%) in the 823 anti‐HBc‐positive subjects and 19% (95% CI 10%‐30%) in the 1,041 anti‐HBc‐negative subjects. Evaluating the data from 17 studies comparing anti‐HBc‐positive and negative subjects, the prevalence of OBI was higher in the 641 anti‐HBc‐positive subjects than in the 1041 anti‐HBc‐negative (prevalence ratio = 2.29; 95% CI = 1.61‐3.26, P < .001). This meta‐analysis showed that in HBsAg‐negative subjects the prevalence of OBI was high and was associated with anti‐HBc positivity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Study Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Study Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

An estimation of the prevalence of occult HBV infection in Western Europe and in Northern America: A meta‐analysis

Pisaturo

Onorato

Russo

et al. 2019

Journal of Viral Hepatitis

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“…Occult hepatitis B virus infection (OBI) is characterized by the presence of very low levels of hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA in plasma or liver (usually <200 IU/mL), with undetectable hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), outside the pre‐seroconversion window period . Initially reported in the late 1970s, this form of hepatitis B virus infection has yet been well characterized.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circulating miRNA expression profile and bioinformatics analysis in patients with occult hepatitis B virus infection

Hao

Wang

Xia

et al. 2019

Journal of Medical Virology

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Emerging suggest that microRNAs (miRNAs) play vital roles in the occurrence and development of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infectious disease. However, miRNAs in occult hepatitis B virus infection (OBI), a special stage of HBV infection, remain largely unknown. Herein, we conducted this study to identify differentially expressed miRNAs and then to investigate the potential roles of these miRNAs in OBI. Plasma miRNA expression profiles of three OBI patients and three healthy controls were analyzed with high through‐put miRNA sequencing technology. Altered expression of miRNAs was further confirmed with reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR). Finally, bioinformatics analysis was conducted to investigate the involved pathways and target genes for these differentially expressed miRNAs. Totally, 32 differentially expressed miRNAs were identified between OBI and healthy controls by miRNA sequencing (fold change ≥ 1.5, P < .1, and counts per million reads ≥ 1), including 16 downregulated and 16 upregulated miRNAs. Differential expression of hsa‐miR‐486‐5p, ‐25‐3p, and ‐92a‐3p and ‐1‐3p was further validated by qRT‐PCR analysis, which was consistent with miRNA sequencing analysis. Moreover, these four miRNAs might distinguish OBI from HCs efficiently. Bioinformatics analyses indicated that the differentially expressed miRNAs were primarily involved in various biological processes related to gene expression and transcription, cell development and metabolism, protein modification and kinase activity regulation, as well as multiple signaling pathways such as PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. This study provided a global view of miRNA expression in plasma from OBI patients. These differentially expressed miRNAs might play important roles in the development of OBI, which provided intriguing insights into the screening and molecular mechanism of OBI.

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Serologic Testing for Hepatitis B

Sfeir

Snayd

2021

JAMA

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Update of the statements on biology and clinical impact of occult hepatitis B virus infection

Cited by 408 publications

References 129 publications

An estimation of the prevalence of occult HBV infection in Western Europe and in Northern America: A meta‐analysis

An estimation of the prevalence of occult HBV infection in Western Europe and in Northern America: A meta‐analysis

Circulating miRNA expression profile and bioinformatics analysis in patients with occult hepatitis B virus infection

Serologic Testing for Hepatitis B

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