Update on the Management of Acanthamoeba Keratitis

McCoy, Colton; Patel, Shaivi; Thulasi, Praneetha

doi:10.1007/s40135-022-00296-2

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 91 publications

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“…No selective drug has been developed for Acanthamoeba infections [4, 12,13]. Polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMB) and chlorhexidine digluconate are currently the most commonly used eye drops in the treatment of AK, and it is recommended to be used every 1-2 hours and then tapering off over time to achieve full recovery [14]. In addition, amphotericin B, voriconazole, itraconazole, azithromycin, rifampin, and miltefosine was used systemically to treat Acanthamoeba infections [15,16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amoebicidal effect of Fluconazole and Verapamil together against trophozoites and cysts of Acanthamoeba castellanii

Aykur

2023

Türk Doğa Ve Fen Dergisi

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Acanthamoeba species are an important pathogen that causes Acanthamoeba keratitis, which causes a visual loss, and encephalitis, which lead to the central nervous system infection and death. The options available to successfully treat Acanthamoeba infections have limited success. New therapeutic approaches must thus be developed, and especially combination medication therapy may be a successful and an effective strategy. The aim of this study was to assess the combination efficacy of verapamil and fluconazole against Acanthamoeba trophozoites and cysts. The effects of drugs on growth inhibition against Acanthamoeba were tested using amoebicidal assays. The viability of Acanthamoeba was assessed using Trypan blue and hemocytometer counts. The effect of three different concentrations of fluconazole, verapamil and fluconazole + verapamil combination on growth inhibition against Acanthamoeba trophozoites and cysts was significant compared to the control (p

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amoebicidal effect of Fluconazole and Verapamil together against trophozoites and cysts of Acanthamoeba castellanii

Aykur

2023

Türk Doğa Ve Fen Dergisi

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Vermamoeba vermiformis as the etiological agent in a patient with suspected non-Acanthamoeba keratitis

Aykur,

Selver,

Dagci

et al. 2024

Parasitol Res

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Amoebicidal Potential of β-Caryophyllene-Loaded Polymeric Nanoparticles

Porto,

Fretes Argenta,

Ziech

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Polym. Mater.

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The investigation of therapeutic agents for Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK) is necessary as nonspecific, toxic, and long-lasting treatments are currently found. In this study, ß-caryophyllene was selected as an anti-Acanthamoeba candidate due to its known antiinflammatory and analgesic activities, which are pharmacological actions desirable for this application. On the other hand, this sesquiterpene presents a low aqueous solubility, high volatility, and susceptibility to oxidation, which motivated its incorporation into polymeric nanoparticles (NPs). Chitosan (CS) was selected as the biopolymer due to its bioadhesive properties and wide use in ophthalmic preparations, which was cross-linked with tripolyphosphate (TPP) to obtain stable particles. Monodisperse NPs with reduced size (<245 nm) and presenting a positive surface charge (ζpotential between +15.23 and +18.15 mV) were obtained regardless of the type of chitosan selected. The colloidal suspensions were stable for up to 60 and 90 days after storage at 25 and 4 °C, respectively. The nanoencapsulation of ß-caryophyllene led to a series of benefits: (a) increased its activity against Acanthamoeba castellanii trophozoites; (b) reduced corneal toxicity as no more collagen disruption was found in the stroma; and (c) increased retention and mucoadhesion in corneal tissue. In view of these positive results, in vivo studies are encouraged, as well as formulation studies including potential therapeutic agents in this same nanocarrier.

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Update on the Management of Acanthamoeba Keratitis

Cited by 4 publications

References 91 publications

Amoebicidal effect of Fluconazole and Verapamil together against trophozoites and cysts of Acanthamoeba castellanii

Amoebicidal effect of Fluconazole and Verapamil together against trophozoites and cysts of Acanthamoeba castellanii

Vermamoeba vermiformis as the etiological agent in a patient with suspected non-Acanthamoeba keratitis

Amoebicidal Potential of β-Caryophyllene-Loaded Polymeric Nanoparticles

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