Upgrading Biodiesel into Oxygen-Free Gasoline: New Applications for the FCC-Process

Weinert, Alexander; Bielansky, Peter; Reichhold, Alexander

doi:10.1016/j.apcbee.2012.03.024

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…A standard zeolite FCC catalyst was used which yielded favorable results as the fuel produced were completely oxygen free and the gasoline fraction had a high cetane number. 64 This proves that transesterification used in conjunction with other technologies such as pyrolysis or fluid catalytic cracking can lead to high quality-fuel products.…”

Section: Energy and Fuelsmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…FCC can also be applied for the production of biogasoline from vegetable oils. , Weinert et al produced 45.7% gasoline, 18% crack-gas, 17.4% light gas oil (LCO) and residue, and 4.6% coke through the fluid catalytic cracking of pure FAME at a mean riser temperature of 550 °C. The whole purpose of the study was to avoid the conventional challenges associated with using pure vegetable oil as a feedstock to an FFC plant, challenges which include catalyst deactivation due to phosphorus contained in the phospholipids and FCC plant corrosion due to the presence of FFAs.…”

Section: Production Routesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The whole purpose of the study was to avoid the conventional challenges associated with using pure vegetable oil as a feedstock to an FFC plant, challenges which include catalyst deactivation due to phosphorus contained in the phospholipids and FCC plant corrosion due to the presence of FFAs. A standard zeolite FCC catalyst was used which yielded favorable results as the fuel produced were completely oxygen free and the gasoline fraction had a high cetane number . This proves that transesterification used in conjunction with other technologies such as pyrolysis or fluid catalytic cracking can lead to high quality-fuel products.…”

Section: Production Routesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Method Selection for Biojet and Biogasoline Fuel Production from Castor Oil: A Review

2019

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Research has intensified toward the production of biofuels due to increased economic uncertainty and environmental issues associated with petroleum fuel production. A fifth of the global energy demand is derived from transportation fuels such as diesel, jet fuel, and gasoline. Most of the research in literature focuses on the production of biodiesel to supplement petroleum-based diesel. This review evaluates and compares three methods: (1) hydroprocessing, (2) pyrolysis (catalytic cracking), and (3) transesterification to determine the ideal, and simultaneous, biogasoline and biojet fuel production technique from castor oil, a nonedible vegetable oil. The methods are compared on the ability to produce biofuels using in spark-ignition engine or/and aviation. Edible oils have been thoroughly investigated as a biofuel feedstock, which competes with food sources, hence the requirement to switch the focus to nonedible oils. From extensive research, it is clear that transesterification is not adequate on its own. Hydrocracking is the ideal solution as it can simultaneously produce high-quality biojet fuel and biogasoline using one catalyst.

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Section: Energy and Fuelsmentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Production Routesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Production Routesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Method Selection for Biojet and Biogasoline Fuel Production from Castor Oil: A Review

2019

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“…The co-feeding of biomass-derived oils , such as vegetable oils, fatty acid methyl ester (FAME), or pyrolysis oil from biomass − as well as the use of waste-derived pyrolysis oils , in FCC units has generated a lot of attention in the scientific search for possibilities to provide fuels with smaller carbon footprints. Some of these alternative feeds are targets of the food vs fuel dilemma, whereas others use educts currently declared as waste.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wood Derived Fast Pyrolysis Bio-liquids as Co-feed in a Fluid Catalytic Cracking Pilot Plant: Effect of Hydrotreatment on Process Performance and Gasoline Quality

et al. 2022

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Co-feeding biogenic feeds in fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) units benefits from exploiting existing refinery assets to produce biogenic fuels. It is the most cost-effective way to comply with step-by-step increasing the target of renewable energy in road and rail transport of the European Union. Fast pyrolysis bio-liquids derived from wood offer a unique opportunity to reach those targets without having to address the typical food vs fuel debate. In the present work bio-liquids derived from pinewood in different stages of treatment were tested for their processability in a pilot scale fluid catalytic cracking plant at 550 °C. Specific focus is on the quality of the derived gasoline fractions. All samples were co-fed with vacuum gas oil, a typical FCC feed. Relevant parameters to qualify the produced gasoline as blending component were analyzed. As main results, none of the parameters examined significantly affect the quality of the—now partially biogenic—gasolines, demonstrating the potentiality of the co-FCC process as a possible near future pathway to ensure high biofuel contents in commercially available fuels.

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“…Proper catalyst might play a crucial role in conducting the cracking process selectively toward particular products. Zeolite catalysts such as ZSM-5 had been widely used in cracking process to produce lighter fractions of liquid hydrocarbon [14][15][16][17]. However, due to the small pore size of ZSM-5 (5.2 -5.9Å), the large molecular size of oxygenate compound cannot enter the pore of ZSM-5 and cause deposition of coke on its surface [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalytic Co-Cracking of Used Cooking Oil Methyl Ester and Polystyrene Waste for Gasoline-Rich Biofuel Over Mesoporous Al-MCM-41 Catalyst

Nurfitriyah

Assari

Pamungkas

et al. 2021

IJPS

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Used cooking oil and packaging foam are typical waste materials that are abundantly available as household and fast food restaurant waste with high energy content, thus representing potential feedstock for conversion into an alternative energy source. In this study, catalytic co-cracking was examined at 300°C in atmospheric pressure to generate fuel products with gasoline-like properties from a mixture of used cooking oil biodiesel and polystyrene pyrolysis oil. Mixture of ceramic powder and Al-MCM-41 was used as catalyst in comparison to a pristine mesoporous aluminosilicate material. The product distribution of produced biofuel wes analyzed by gas chromatographymass spectrometry. Experimental results exhibit that catalytic co-cracking process generated up to 64,6 -67,2% yield of liquid hydrocarbon. The product distribution and the quality of the resulting biofuel were significantly affected by Si/Al ratio of the catalyst. Pristine Al-MCM-41 with lower Si/Al ratio was more favored for the enrichment of gasoline range fraction (C7-C12) which give 88,98% yield, while Al-MCM-41/ceramic with higher Si/Al ratio only give 32,84% yield of gasoline fraction. Moreover, lower oxygenate compound with better stability of biofuel was also obtained using pristine Al-MCM-41 catalyst. The produced biofuel blend by both catalysts indicated promising physical properties including higher calorific value (53,2 and 52,4 MJ/kg) and higher-octane number (RON 99,8 and 95,5) than commercial gasoline.

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Upgrading Biodiesel into Oxygen-Free Gasoline: New Applications for the FCC-Process

Cited by 10 publications

References 8 publications

Method Selection for Biojet and Biogasoline Fuel Production from Castor Oil: A Review

Method Selection for Biojet and Biogasoline Fuel Production from Castor Oil: A Review

Wood Derived Fast Pyrolysis Bio-liquids as Co-feed in a Fluid Catalytic Cracking Pilot Plant: Effect of Hydrotreatment on Process Performance and Gasoline Quality

Catalytic Co-Cracking of Used Cooking Oil Methyl Ester and Polystyrene Waste for Gasoline-Rich Biofuel Over Mesoporous Al-MCM-41 Catalyst

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