Upgrading of heavy coker naphtha by means of catalytic cracking in refinery FCC unit

Palos, Roberto; Gutiérrez, Alazne; Fernández, María Luz; Trueba, David; Bilbao, Javier; Arandes, José M.

doi:10.1016/j.fuproc.2020.106454

Cited by 28 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…A detailed explanation of the used equipment and the procedures followed in the analysis of the FCC catalysts can be found in our previous works. 22,23 Attending to the characterization results, it can be seen how different the porous structure of each catalyst is (Figure 1a−c). Note that FCC catalysts are composed of various materials (clay, alumina, and silica, forming a matrix in which the USY zeolite crystals are embedded) that confer to them a complex porous structure.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, their acidic properties have been determined by NH 3 -temperature-programmed desorption (TPD) experiments (Figure d) followed by coupled thermogravimetric–calorimetric analysis and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis of adsorbed pyridine (Figure e). A detailed explanation of the used equipment and the procedures followed in the analysis of the FCC catalysts can be found in our previous works. , …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Converting the Surplus of Low-Quality Naphtha into More Valuable Products by Feeding It to a Fluid Catalytic Cracking Unit

Palos

Gutiérrez

Fernández

et al. 2020

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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The catalytic cracking of visbreaker naphtha under industrial conditions has been investigated, aiming the production of an olefin-rich gas stream and high-quality gasoline suitable to be used in the blending of automotive fuels. The runs have been performed in a fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) riser simulator reactor under the following conditions: temperature, 500 and 550 °C; catalyst-to-oil mass ratio, 6 g cat g oil −1; contact time, 3−12 s. Furthermore, the effect of the properties of two commercial equilibrium catalysts on the products has been also assessed. Products have been lumped in dry gas, liquefied petroleum gases (LPG), gasoline, and coke, according to the common fractionation made in refineries. For a proper assessment of the upgrading process, dry gas, LPG, and gasoline lumps have been deeply characterized, assuring the production of both light olefins and gasoline (with average yields of 11 and 82 wt %, respectively). In addition, the gasoline lump produced can be used as a source of benzene, toluene, and xylene (BTX) aromatics (obtaining yields of ca. 10 wt %). Hence, the suitability of the FCC unit for the upgrading of visbreaker naphtha has been assured.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Converting the Surplus of Low-Quality Naphtha into More Valuable Products by Feeding It to a Fluid Catalytic Cracking Unit

Palos

Gutiérrez

Fernández

et al. 2020

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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“…The processing of these side streams follows an increasing trend in refineries in order to intensify the valorization of oil by means of increasing the yield of commercial products. Indeed, the FCC unit plays a key role in the cofeeding of vacuum residue and of visbreaker and coker heavy naphthas. − Equally, hydroprocessing units can be appropriate for the cofeeding of aromatic streams, such as the pyrolysis gasoline obtained in steam cracker units or the light cycle oil (LCO) obtained in FCC units, − with the aim of producing naphtha and medium distillates or BTX aromatics . The second series of actions of the waste refinery, which constitutes the interest of this review, focuses on the recycling of consumer society wastes, for example, waste plastics and EOL tires.…”

Section: The Concept Of Waste Refinerymentioning

confidence: 99%

Waste Refinery: The Valorization of Waste Plastics and End-of-Life Tires in Refinery Units. A Review

et al. 2021

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This review collects a wide range of initiatives and results that expose the potential of the refineries to be converted into waste refineries. Thus, they will use their current units for the valorization of consumer society wastes (waste plastics and end-of-life tires in particular) that are manufactured with petroleum derivatives. The capacity, technological development, and versatility of fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) and hydroprocessing units make them appropriate for achieving this goal. Polyolefinic plastics (polyethylene and polypropylene), the waxes obtained in their fast pyrolysis, and the tire pyrolysis oils can be cofed together with the current streams of the industrial units. Conventional refineries have the opportunity of operating as waste refineries cofeeding these alternative feeds and tailoring the properties of the fuels and raw materials produced to be adapted to commercial requirements within the oil economy frame. This strategy will contribute in a centralized and rational way to the recycling of the consumer society wastes on a large scale. Furthermore, the use of already existing and, especially, depreciated units for the production of fuels and raw materials (such as light olefins and aromatics) promotes the economy of the recycling process.

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“…Olefinen ekoizpenaren aurreikuspenetan, FCC unitateek gero eta garrantzi handiagoa dute. Izan ere, instalatutako FCC unitateen ahalmena handia da (14 milioi upel/egun), eta moldakortasun handia dute elikadura ezberdinak tratatzeko [23,24]: petrolioaren destilazioan lortutako ohiko frakzioak (hutsezko gasolioa (VGO)) edo bigarren mailako interesa duten findegietako korronteak (esate baterako, hondakin atmosferikoa eta hutsezko hondakina). Gainera, egiaztatu da FCC unitateek bestelako elikadurak erabil ditzaketela: esate baterako, landare-olioak, biomasaren pirolisi azkarraren likidoa (bioolioa) [25], eta plastiko poliolefinikoen [26,27] edo pneumatikoen pirolisian [28,29] sortutakoa.…”

Section: Cracking Katalitikoa Ohantze Fluidizatuanunclassified

Olefina arinen ekoizpena: egungo egoera eta aurreikuspenak

Epelde

Tabernilla

Iriarte

et al. 2021

EKAIA

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Olefina arinak (bereziki, etilenoa eta propilenoa) industria petrokimikoko oinarrizko lehengaiak dira eta poliolefinak (polietilenoa eta polipropilenoa) ekoizteko erabiltzen dira nagusiki. Gaur egun, olefinen eskaria handitzen doa, etilenoaren eskariak % 3-5 urteko igoera aurkeztuz, eta propilenoak aldiz, % 5-7koa. Etilenoaren eskaria bermatuta dago etanoaren ur-lurrun bidezko cracking termiko (SC) prozesuaren bitartez, baina propilenoaren eskaria betetzeko, ohiko prozesuek (SC eta cracking katalitikoa ohantze fluidizatuan (FCC)) eskaintzen duten hautakortasuna hobetu beharra dago. Gainera, industria mailan ezarritako teknologiek erregai fosilen menpekotasun eta energia kontsumo handia dute. Beraz, ohiko teknologiak hobetzea eta iturri berriztagarriak erabiltzen dituzten prozesuak garatzea dira gaur egungo findegiaren eta industria petrokimikoaren erronka nagusienak. Lan honetan, lehendabizi olefina arinen erabilerak eta hauen eskaria mundu mailan aztertzen dira. Jarraian ohiko teknologiak deskribatzen dira (iturri fosiletik abiatuz) eta azkenik, bestelako teknologia berriztagarriak aurkezten dira, biomasaren eta hondakinen balorizazioan oinarritzen direnak.

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Upgrading of heavy coker naphtha by means of catalytic cracking in refinery FCC unit

Cited by 28 publications

References 61 publications

Converting the Surplus of Low-Quality Naphtha into More Valuable Products by Feeding It to a Fluid Catalytic Cracking Unit

Converting the Surplus of Low-Quality Naphtha into More Valuable Products by Feeding It to a Fluid Catalytic Cracking Unit

Waste Refinery: The Valorization of Waste Plastics and End-of-Life Tires in Refinery Units. A Review

Olefina arinen ekoizpena: egungo egoera eta aurreikuspenak

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