Upgrading silica rock quality by using attrition scrubbing and magnetic separation techniques

Othman, Nabihah; Mustaffar, Mohd Idham; Ismail, Syarifah Aminah; Ibrahim, Mohd Hakim

doi:10.1016/j.matpr.2023.04.659

Cited by 1 publication

(2 citation statements)

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“…The white sand quality was improved during the attrition scrubbing process and a product containing 99.35% SiO 2 with a recovery of 97.97% was obtained at 60% pulp density, an attrition time of 60 min and a temperature of 353 K, (80°C) (see Table 4). The clay content (represented by Al 2 O 3 %) was reduced to 0.085%, which is acceptable for various sand applications (Ibrahim et al 2013;Othman et al, 2023). However, the iron oxide content, which was reduced to 0.045%, needs further removal, to lower than 0.02%, to be accessible for advanced sand applications (Ibrahim et al 2013).…”

Section: Attrition Scrubbingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The original silica sand sample could be used in flat and container glass. However, after upgrading processes, it could be used in more advanced industrial applications based on their specifications, maximum SiO 2 % and minimum Fe 2 O 3 , Al 2 O 3 , CaO and MgO% with the particle size distribution, as shown in The scrubbed silica sand product is suitable to be used in the manufacturing of domestic and decorative glassware while the nonmagnetic silica sand product is suitable to be used in the manufacturing of optical glassware (Othman et al, 2023;Ezz-El Din et al, 2016).…”

Section: The Possible Industrial Applications For the Original Sand A...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Upgrading and Surface Coating of Egyptian White Sand With Polymers and Silanes

Yassin,

Mourad,

Khalil

et al. 2024

MGPB

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Egypt is endowed with huge reserves of filler minerals, such as silica sand which form approximately 95% of the Earth's crust. The silica sand industry is used in many fields, such as pharmaceutical practices, chemicals, glass, ceramics, electronics, and photovoltaic industries. The aim of this study is to remove impurities from silica sand and apply surface modification processes to enhance its value for various industrial manufacturing applications. Various processing techniques, including classification, attrition scrubbing, magnetic separation, ultra-fine grinding and surface modification, were conducted throughout the study. The results indicated that attrition scrubbing to the classified size fraction of -0.6 + 0.1 mm was capable of reducing the iron concentration from 0.068% to 0.045%. Utilizing the Box-Behnken design, the optimal conditions for magnetic separation were identified, resulting in a decrease in iron content down to 0.012%. Simultaneously, the silica content increased from 99.05% to 99.76%. The results of ultrafine grinding using an attritor mill revealed that a grinding time of 2 hours is sufficient to reach a size suitable for the coating process. Surface modification of the produced ultrafine sand was conducted using polymers and silanes. The treated sand was characterized using SEM, zeta potential, adsorption density, and FTIR measurements. Notably, hydrophobicity increased, accompanied by an increase in particle size. Simultaneously, the surface becomes flatter, indicating the formation of a thin layer. Consequently, the coated sand proved to be a satisfactory material that met the criteria to be used as a filler in coating and paints.

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Section: Attrition Scrubbingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Possible Industrial Applications For the Original Sand A...mentioning

confidence: 99%