Porous materials exist around our environment and play an important role in our daily lives to be used widely in many fields, among the fields are energy distribution and storage, vibration suppression, liquid filtration, heat insulation, and sound absorption. Porous glasses are materials that have pores structure using silica as the primary component in all types of standard and specialty glass mixture with a foaming agent and other additives. Porous glass is usually in the size of nanometre and micrometer range. Porous glass is usually prepared by using phase separation, sintering and sol-gel method [1]. This review paper will focus on the various properties of this porous material related to the production process used to their properties and possible applications such as filtering, lightweight concrete, heat resistance insulator, and biomaterials.

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The pyrometallurgical method of tin extraction from lead free solder dross after leaching treatment is discussed. The solder dross is sieved into 75 μm was used for the experiment. The samples were leached using 0.3 M HCl, 12 hours stirring times and temperature of 60°C was used for the leaching before thermal treatment. The sample was thermally treated at temperature of 650,850 and 1050°C. The increase of heating temperature causes the lowering of the tin extraction. The optimum parameter for heating temperature is 850°C with 98.71% of tin recovery.

This project deals with the experimental results of leaching of Sn from solder dross by means of leaching using different concentration of hydrochloric acid (HCl). Solder dross was sieved to obtain a mean particle size of 75 μm. The solder dross powder obtained was leached by using HCl acid aqueous solution. To optimize the parameter required for recovery of Sn from solder dross, initially the bench scale studies were carried out using varying acid concentration, stirring time and temperature. The experimental indicate that 98.7% of Sn was leached out from solder dross using 0.1M of HCl, 24 hours of stirring time at60°C solution temperature.