Upper limits for d-hole inverse lifetimes in copper

Matzdorf, R.; Paniago, R.; Meister, G.; Goldmann, A.

doi:10.1016/0038-1098(94)90325-5

Cited by 21 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…8 In particular, a finite energy resolution ⌬E and a finite angular resolution ⌬⍜ are required to collect sufficient intensity and may influence the line shape considerably. 5,6,8,9,11,16 Also electron-phonon interactions occur at finite sample temperature T and modify both the line shape and linewidth. [15][16][17] Finally, the electron wave vector k ʈ parallel to the surface need not be exactly conserved due to momentum broadening by the presence of minute amounts of isolated impurities or defects at the surface or by insufficient three-dimensional bulk and lateral surface order.…”

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confidence: 99%

Phonon contributions to photohole linewidths observed for surface states on copper

1996

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We have observed the linear temperature dependence of the linewidth of surface states on Cu. These data allow the determination of a temperature coefficient for the phonon-hole coupling, which enters the linewidth as ⌫ϭ2bk B T. For the s,p-like ͑Shockley͒ state at ⌫ on Cu͑111͒, we find bϭ0.137Ϯ0.015, in perfect agreement with earlier data of McDougall, Balasubramian, and Jensen ͓Phys. Rev. B 51, 13 891 ͑1995͔͒. The d-like ͑Tamm͒ state at M on Cu͑111͒ is characterized by a different bϭ0.085Ϯ0.015, which, however, agrees with the bϭ0.09Ϯ0.02 observed for a similar Tamm state on Cu͑100͒. We suggest that the different spatial extent of the surface states is responsible for the different phonon-hole coupling.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phonon contributions to photohole linewidths observed for surface states on copper

1996

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“…Copper, one of the most extensively studied materials by PE spectroscopy and theory, provides a model for other noble and transition metals [1,2,5,6]. By contrast to other 3d metals, copper offers a well resolved spectrum of fully occupied d bands, between 22 to 25 eV below E F , which are the subject of numerous studies of the Auger recombination (h-h scattering) [2,5,7,8]. Nevertheless, our experimental and theoretical understanding of Auger recombination for the itinerant bands of 3d metals is still rudimentary compared to more extensively studied core holes [9].…”

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“…The narrowest linewidths in a range of 45-200 meV are observed at the top of the d bands [2,5,7,8]. As the binding energy increases, the reported widths increase with either a linear [G ഠ ͑E 2 E F ͒ [5] ] or quadratic [G ഠ ͑E 2 E F ͒ 2 [2,7,8] ] energy scaling. The former is consistent with measurements on other materials [8,10,11], while the latter with the Fermi liquid theory (FLT) for a free-electron gas.…”

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Hole Decoherence ofdBands in Copper

1999

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d-band hole decoherence times in copper are measured with energy and momentum resolution for the Cs͞Cu(100) surface at 33 -300 K by the interferometric time-resolved two-photon photoemission technique. At the top of the d bands (X 5 point) at 33 K the measured hole decoherence time of T 2 34.5 6 1.5 fs has contributions from the population decay due to Auger recombination (t hh 24 6 3 fs), and momentum scattering due to the hole-phonon interaction with a mass enhancement factor l 0.20 6 0.01. Rapid decrease of T 2 with binding energy below the X 5 point suggests a larger cross section for 3d-3d, as compared to 3d-4sp band scattering.

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“…In particular, the quasiparicle lifetime, i.e., the time a quasiparticle propagates without loosing its phase memory, represents a basic quantity in the analysis of these processes. Experimentally, angle-resolved photoemission (PE) spectroscopy provides direct information on hole lifetimes [5][6][7][8]. A new path for the study of both electron and hole (and spin) dynamics in the time domain was opened by the advent of the time-resolved two-photon photoemission (TR-TPPE) technique [9,10].…”

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Hole Dynamics in Noble Metals

et al. 2000

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We present a detailed analysis of hole dynamics in noble metals (Cu and Au), by means of firstprinciples many-body calculations. While holes in a free-electron gas are known to live shorter than electrons with the same excitation energy, our results indicate that d-holes in noble metals exhibit longer inelastic lifetimes than excited sp-electrons, in agreement with experiment. The density of states available for d-hole decay is larger than that for the decay of excited electrons; however, the small overlap between d-and sp-states below the Fermi level increases the d-hole lifetime. The impact of d-hole dynamics on electron-hole correlation effects, which are of relevance in the analysis of time-resolved two-photon photoemission experiments, is also addressed.Detailed and quantitative understanding of hotelectron and photo-hole dynamics is the prerequisite for any tailoring of technological processes in solid-state physics and surface chemistry, which are governed by charge transfer and electronic excitations [1][2][3][4]. In particular, the quasiparicle lifetime, i.e., the time a quasiparticle propagates without loosing its phase memory, represents a basic quantity in the analysis of these processes. Experimentally, angle-resolved photoemission (PE) spectroscopy provides direct information on hole lifetimes [5][6][7][8]. A new path for the study of both electron and hole (and spin) dynamics in the time domain was opened by the advent of the time-resolved two-photon photoemission (TR-TPPE) technique [9,10]. In these "pumpprobe" experiments, the emitted photoelectron is measured both with energy and momentum resolution; electron and hole lifetimes are then measured at well-defined k-space points, by combining the band mapping capabilities of photoemission with the time resolution of nonlinear optical spectroscopy [11].The theoretical framework to investigate the quasiparticle lifetime has been based for many years on the freeelectron gas (FEG) model of Fermi liquids [12], characterized by the electron-density parameter r s [13]. In this simple model and for either electrons or holes with energy E very near the Fermi level (E ∼ E F ), the inelastic lifetime is found to be, in the high-density limit (r s << 1), τ (E) = 263 r −5/2 s (E − E F ) −2 fs, where E and E F are expressed in eV [14]. Several other freeelectron calculations of electron-electron scattering rates have also been carried out, for electron/hole energies that deviate from the Fermi level, within the random-phase approximation (RPA) [15,16] and with inclusion of exchange and correlation effects [17,18]. Nevertheless, detailed TR-TPPE experiments have reported large deviations of measured hot-electron lifetimes from those predicted within the FEG model [19][20][21][22][23][24][25]. Moreover, while holes (E < E F ) in a FEG are known to live shorter than their electron counterparts (E > E F ) [for the same excitation energy, the momentum of the hole is smaller than the electron momentum, thus yielding a larger number of available transitions], recent T...

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Upper limits for d-hole inverse lifetimes in copper

Cited by 21 publications

References 25 publications

Phonon contributions to photohole linewidths observed for surface states on copper

Phonon contributions to photohole linewidths observed for surface states on copper

Hole Decoherence ofdBands in Copper

Hole Dynamics in Noble Metals

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