Upregulation of long‑noncoding RNA PTPRG‑AS1 can predict the poor prognosis and promote migration and invasion in patients with osteosarcoma

Abstract

The present study aimed to determine the expression of the long non-coding RNA PTPRG-AS1 in patients with osteosarcoma, and to explore its role on the prognosis of patients and the process of osteosarcoma cell metastasis. Reverse transcription quantitative-PCR was performed to detect PTPRG-AS1 expression in osteosarcoma tumor tissues and cells (U2OS, SJSA1 and Saos-2), and normal tissues and cells (hFOB1.19). In addition, qPCR and western blotting were also used to detect mRNA and protein expression, respectively, whereas fluorescence in situ hybridization was used to locate the position of PTPRG-AS1 in osteosarcoma cells. Transwell assay was used to determine the migratory and invasive abilities of osteosarcoma cells. The results demonstrated that PTPRG-AS1 was highly expressed in osteosarcoma cells and tissues, which was compared with normal bone cells and adjacent healthy tissues. Furthermore, PTPRG-AS1 expression level in patients with osteosarcoma and lymph node metastasis or distal metastasis was elevated compared with normal tissues. In addition, the results from univariate and multivariate analyses demonstrated that PTPRG-AS1 expression level was significantly associated with Tumor-Node-Metastasis stage (P=0.025), lymph node metastasis (P=0.035) and distant metastasis (P=0.016) in patients with osteosarcoma. PTPRG-AS1 expression level (odd ratio, 3.012; 95% confidence interval, 1.564-4.219) was also considered as an independent risk factor affecting the 5-year survival rate of patients with osteosarcoma. Furthermore, the 5-year overall survival rate of patients with elevated PTPRG-AS1 expression level (56.36%) was significantly lower compared with patients with low PTPRG-AS1 expression level (78.43%). In addition, PTPRG-AS1 knockdown using small interfering RNA significantly decreased the invasive and migratory abilities of osteosarcoma cells in vitro. In summary, PTPRG-AS1 high expression in patients with osteosarcoma may predict the poor prognosis of patients, as PTPRG-AS may have a promoting effect on osteosarcoma cell metastasis.

The Role of the Tumor Suppressor Gene Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Gamma in Cancer

“…The first hematological malignancy where a key role of PTPRG was discovered is the Ph + chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Della Brest, Bone, others Alteration (Zhao et al, 2014;Iranpour et al, 2016;Ge et al, 2021) Peruta et al reported how the tyrosine phosphorylation of BCR-ABL1, CRKL and STAT5 were decreased in PTPRG-transfected K562 and reported downregulation of PTPRG mRNA and protein in CML patients (Della Peruta et al, 2010). This type of result was independently replicated confirming the inhibitory activity of PTPRG on BCR-ABL1 protein and on substrates influenced by itself such as ERK1/2 kinase (Drube et al, 2018).…”

“…Furthermore, with the advent of genomic technologies we have begun to understand additional post-translational regulatory mechanisms imposed by ncRNAs, such as miRNA and lncRNA. Surprisingly, the antisense RNA 1 of PTPRG (PTPRG-AS1) was found to be upregulated in different solid cancers representing a significant emerging predictor for tumor progression ( Faghihi and Wahlestedt, 2009 ; Wang and Chang, 2011 ; Ge et al, 2021 ). Despite the fact that it has been clarified a suppressive role for PTPRG in various tumors, limited data suggesting an oncogenic role by the receptors PTPRZ/PTPRG in glioblastoma.…”

“…Another mechanism was recently found to occur in patients with osteosarcoma involving the long non-coding RNA PTPRG-AS1. Overexpression of PTPRG-AS1 may predict the poor prognosis of patients and may have a (Della Peruta et al, 2010;Vezzalini et al, 2017;Ismail et al, 2020;Ismail et al, 2021) Lung Adenocarcinoma Specific germline polymorphisms such as SNPs on PTPRG gene may influence the survival of patients with lung adenocarcinoma Galvan et al (2015) Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology | www.frontiersin.org promoting effect on osteosarcoma cell metastasis being associated to increased migratory abilities of Saos-2 cells (Ge et al, 2021).…”

“…Another mechanism was recently found to occur in patients with osteosarcoma involving the long non-coding RNA PTPRG-AS1. Overexpression of PTPRG-AS1 may predict the poor prognosis of patients and may have a promoting effect on osteosarcoma cell metastasis being associated to increased migratory abilities of Saos-2 cells ( Ge et al, 2021 ).…”

LncRNA PTPRG-AS1 Promotes the Metastasis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Enhancing YWHAG

“…Studies have indicated that the lncRNAs, MIAT [ 42 ], GABPB1 [ 43 ], and PDPK2P [ 44 ] influence tumor progression in HCC. Additionally, research revealed a relationship between PTPRG-AS1 and epithelial ovarian cancer [ 27 ] or osteosarcoma [ 45 ]. However, whether PTPRG-AS1 participates in the tumor progression of HCC has not been investigated.…”