Upshot of Food Add-Ons on the Life History and Development of<i>Tribolium castaneum</i>(Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)

Sial, Muhammad Safdar; Saeed, Qamar; Rahman, Shaik Moizur; Qayyum, Muhammad Farooq

doi:10.4001/003.025.0037

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Harmuth-Hoene and Schwerdtfeger 1979). Nevertheless, addition of agar to a normal diet increased population growth rate in Tribolium beetles (Sial et al 2017), so we cannot rule out similar effects in bees. Conceivably, impurities in the agar may have provided a resource that enhanced survival (Dadd 2003 and references therein).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…However, agar is nutritionally inert for many insects. One percent agar has been used as a starvation medium for Drosophila (Shell et al 2018) and was insufficient for development of Agria flies (House 1969) although it appeared to promote growth in Tribolium beetles (Sial et al 2017). Sporopollenin is an ecologically relevant material for solitary bee larvae, constituting the exine of pollen, their exclusive food source.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sporopollenin as a dilution agent in artificial diets for solitary bees

et al. 2020

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Nutritional studies often require precise control of nutrients via dilution of artificial diets with indigestible material, but such studies in bees are limited. Common diluents like cellulose typically result in total mortality of bee larvae, making quantitative studies difficult. We investigated potential alternative dietary dilution agents, sporopollenin (pollen exines) and agar. We reared Osmia bicornis larvae on pollen diluted with these substances, alongside undiluted controls. Sporopollenin neither prevented nor improved survival, suggesting it is a suitable diluent. Agar appeared marginally to increase survival and its suitability requires further research. Both substances reduced cocoon weight, and sporopollenin also prolonged development, suggesting processing costs. Determining the physiological mechanisms driving these responses requires further work. Our findings should facilitate studies involving nutritional manipulations for solitary bees.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sporopollenin as a dilution agent in artificial diets for solitary bees

et al. 2020

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“…After three days beetles were removed with the help of sieves and then added to a separate set of sterilized jars filled with 200 g flour for maintenance of the culture. Flour containing eggs was used as culture medium for obtaining adult beetles of a homogenous population 67 , 68 . The culture was maintained under optimum laboratory conditions at 30 °C with a relative humidity of 70%.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eruca sativa seed napin structural insights and thorough functional characterization

Khaliq

Saeed

Bilal

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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A potent napin protein has been thoroughly characterized from seeds of rocket salad (Eruca sativa). Eruca sativa napin (EsNap) was purified by ammonium sulfate precipitation (70%) and size-exclusion chromatography. Single intact 16 kDa EsNap band was reduced to 11 and 5 kDa bands respectively on SDS-PAGE. Nano LC–MS/MS yielded two fragments comprising of 26 residues which showed 100% sequence identity with napin-3 of Brassica napus. CD spectroscopy indicated a dominant α-helical structure of EsNap. Monodispersity of EsNap was verified by dynamic light scattering, which also confirmed the monomeric status with a corresponding hydrodynamic radius of 2.4 ± 0.2 nm. An elongated ab initio shape of EsNap was calculated based on SAXS data, with an Rg of 1.96 ± 0.1 nm. The ab initio model calculated by DAMMIF with P1 symmetry and a volume of approx. 31,100 nm3, which corresponded to a molecular weight of approximately 15.5 kDa. The comparison of the SAXS and ab initio modeling showed a minimized χ2-value of 1.87, confirming a similar molecular structure. A homology model was predicted using the coordinate information of Brassica napus rproBnIb (PDB ID: 1SM7). EsNap exhibited strong antifungal activity by significantly inhibiting the growth of Fusarium graminearum. EsNap also showed cytotoxicity against the hepatic cell line Huh7 and the obtained IC50 value was 20.49 µM. Further, strong entomotoxic activity was experienced against different life stages of stored grain insect pest T. castaneum. The result of this study shows insights that can be used in developing potential antifungal, anti-cancerous and insect resistance agents in the future using EsNap from E. sativa.

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“…The red flour beetles T. castaneum were obtained from the Entomology laboratory of Plant Protection Department, College of Agriculture, University of Basrah, Iraq. The colony was maintained in (1000 ml) sterilized glass jars filled with wheat grains and covered with gauze and held on with rubber bands [22] at 28℃ ± 2 and 65 ± 5% relative humidity in a growth chamber (Binder, Germany) [23].…”

Section: Test Insectmentioning

confidence: 99%

Repellency and Phytoxicity Assessment of Plant Extracts, Essential Oils and Nanoparticles on Tribolium castaneum Herbst Beetles Infesting Wheat Grains (Triticum estivum L.)

Salah

2023

basjs

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Plant extracts and nanoparticles were tested for Tribolium castaneum Herbst Beetle repellency and wheat grain phytotoxicity. Mugwort plant extract had 100% repellency after 3 hours for 10%, 15%, and 20% concentrations, 85% after 2 hours at 20%, and 82% at 15%. The lowest significant repellency values for Mugwort (Artemisia annua) plant extract and EOs after 1 hour were 42% and 54% at 5% concentration. After 3 hours, plant extract and essential oil at 10%, 15%, and 20% concentrations repelled black seeds (Nigella sativa) 100%. Black seeds plant extract had 93% repellency at 20% after 2 hours and 85% at 5% after 3 hours, compared to 50% for EOs. The lowest significant repellency values for plant extract and EOs after 1 hour were 50% and 52% at 5% concentration. SiNPs and AgNPs have similar repellency values across exposure times. SiNPs and AgNPs had 40% repellency at 100 ppm after 1 hour compared to the control. After 1 hour of exposure, SiNPs had 2% repellency and AgNPs 4% at 100 ppm. Phytotoxicity tests showed that wheat grains did not affect seed germination characteristics or biological measurements. In treated wheat grains, most germination and biological indices increased. This shows that these treatments did not kill the wheat embryo. These findings suggest that these treatments could protect grains, particularly wheat, for human consumption, animal feed, or agricultural cultivation.

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Upshot of Food Add-Ons on the Life History and Development ofTribolium castaneum(Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)

Cited by 10 publications

References 18 publications

Sporopollenin as a dilution agent in artificial diets for solitary bees

Sporopollenin as a dilution agent in artificial diets for solitary bees

Eruca sativa seed napin structural insights and thorough functional characterization

Repellency and Phytoxicity Assessment of Plant Extracts, Essential Oils and Nanoparticles on Tribolium castaneum Herbst Beetles Infesting Wheat Grains (Triticum estivum L.)

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