Uranium Dust Exposure and Lung Cancer Risk in Four Uranium Processing Operations

Dupree, Eli; Watkins, Janice P.; Ingle, J. N.; Wallace, Phillip W.; West, Charles; Tankersley, William G.

doi:10.1097/00001648-199507000-00007

Cited by 39 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The findings of the environmental risk assessments and the epidemiological studies conducted in Port Hope are consistent with each other (Tables 3 and 5) and with other epidemiological studies conducted on similar populations elsewhere, [47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57]. Other studies on populations exposed to high concentrations of uranium and radionuclides in drinking water [58][59][60] also support this conclusion.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Use of a Weight of Evidence Approach to Determine the Likelihood of Adverse Effects on Human Health from the Presence of Uranium Facilities in Port Hope, Ontario

Burtt¹,

Ilin²,

Lane³

et al. 2011

JEP

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Use of a Weight of Evidence Approach to Determine the Likelihood of Adverse Effects on Human Health from the Presence of Uranium Facilities in Port Hope, Ontario

Burtt¹,

Ilin²,

Lane³

et al. 2011

JEP

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“…The National Research Council Committee on Toxicology (21) recently evaluated 16 studies of uranium workers and concluded ''that the (25,26). Studies of workers with estimates of organ doses from uranium intakes also fail to find clear evidence of dose-response relationships (1,27).…”

Section: Uraniummentioning

confidence: 99%

Updated Mortality Analysis of Radiation Workers at Rocketdyne (Atomics International), 1948–2008

et al. 2011

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Updated analyses of mortality data are presented on 46,970 workers employed 1948-1999 at Rocketdyne (Atomics International). Overall, 5,801 workers were involved in radiation activities, including 2,232 who were monitored for intakes of radionuclides, and 41,169 workers were engaged in rocket testing or other non-radiation activities. The worker population is unique in that lifetime occupational doses from all places of employment were sought, updated and incorporated into the analyses. Further, radiation doses from intakes of 14 different radionuclides were calculated for 16 organs or tissues using biokinetic models of the International Commission on Radiation Protection (ICRP). Because only negligible exposures were received by the 247 workers monitored for radiation activities after 1999, the mean dose from external radiation remained essentially the same at 13.5 mSv (maximum 1 Sv) as reported previously, as did the mean lung dose from external and internal radiation combined at 19.0 mSv (maximum 3.6 Sv). An additional 9 years of follow-up, from December 31,1999 through 2008, increased the person-years of observation for the radiation workers by 21.7% to 196,674 (mean 33.9 years) and the number of cancer deaths by 50% to 684. Analyses included external comparisons with the general population and the computation of standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) and internal comparisons using proportional hazards models and the computation of relative risks (RRs). A low SMR for all causes of death (SMR 0.82; 95% CI 0.78-0.85) continued to indicate that the Rocketdyne radiation workers were healthier than the general population and were less likely to die. The SMRs for all cancers taken together (SMR 0.88; 95% CI 0.81-0.95), lung cancer (SMR 0.87; 95% CI 0.76-1.00) and leukemia other than chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) (SMR 1.04; 95% 0.67-1.53) were not significantly elevated. Cox regression analyses revealed no significant dose-response trends for any cancer. For all cancers excluding leukemia, the RR at 100 mSv was estimated as 0.98 (95% CI 0.82-1.17), and for all leukemia other than CLL it was 1.06 (95% CI 0.50-2.23).

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“…Stewart and Kneale (45,53), however, also reported that evidence of heterogeneitv in radiation-cancer associations between cohorts suggests that pooling data may be inappropriate. In a study that pooled data from four uraniunm processing facilities, Dupree et al ( 54) also reported that positive associations betweeni external radiation and ling cancei were observed only among workers first hired after 45 years of age.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiation and mortality of workers at Oak Ridge National Laboratory: positive associations for doses received at older ages.

Richardson

Wing

1999

Environ Health Perspect

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We examined associations between low-level exposure to ionizing radiation and mortality among 14,095 workers hired at the Oak Ridge Nationl Laboratory between 1943 and 1972. Workers at the facility were individually monitored for external exosure to ionizing radiation and have been followed through 1990 to ascertain cause of death information. Positive associations were observed between low-level exposure to external ionizing radiation and mortality. These associations were larger for doses received after 45 years of age, larger under longer lag assumptions, and primarily due to cancer causes of death. All cancer mortality was estimated to increase 4.98%[standard error (SE) = 1.5] per 10-mSv cumulative dose received after age 45 under a 10-year lag, and 7.31% (SE = 2.2) per 10-mSv cumulative dose received after age 45 under a 20-year lag.Associations between radiation dose and lung cancer were of similar magntude to associations between radiation dose and all cancers except lung cancer. Nonmalignant respiratory disease exhibited a positive association with cumulative radiation dose received after age 45, whereas ischemic heart disease exhibited no association with radiation dose. These findings suggest increases in cancer mortality associated with low-level external exposure to ionizing radiation and potentially greater sensitivity to the carcinogenic efcs of ionizing radiation with older ages at exposure.

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Uranium Dust Exposure and Lung Cancer Risk in Four Uranium Processing Operations

Cited by 39 publications

References 6 publications

Use of a Weight of Evidence Approach to Determine the Likelihood of Adverse Effects on Human Health from the Presence of Uranium Facilities in Port Hope, Ontario

Use of a Weight of Evidence Approach to Determine the Likelihood of Adverse Effects on Human Health from the Presence of Uranium Facilities in Port Hope, Ontario

Updated Mortality Analysis of Radiation Workers at Rocketdyne (Atomics International), 1948–2008

Radiation and mortality of workers at Oak Ridge National Laboratory: positive associations for doses received at older ages.

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