Uranium removal from groundwater using hydroxyapatite

Simon, Franz‐Georg; Biermann, Vera; Peplinski, B.

doi:10.1016/j.apgeochem.2008.04.025

Cited by 109 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…This material has previously been found to be efficient in the removal of radioactive ions such as UO 2 2? (Simon et al 2008), Co 2? (Smiciklas et al 2006) and Sr 2?…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Nano-crystalline hydroxyapatite bio-mineral for the treatment of strontium from aqueous solutions

et al. 2010

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Hydroxyapatites were analysed using electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis. Examination of a bacterially produced hydroxyapatite (Bio-HA) by scanning electron microscopy showed agglomerated nano-sized particles; XRD analysis confirmed that the Bio-HA was hydroxyapatite, with an organic matter content of 7.6%; XRF analysis gave a Ca/P ratio of 1.55, also indicative of HA. The size of the Bio-HA crystals was calculated as ~25 nm from XRD data using the Scherrer equation, whereas Comm-HA powder size was measured as ≤ 50 μm. The nano-crystalline Bio-HA was ~7 times more efficient in removing Sr(2+) from synthetic groundwater than Comm-HA. Dissolution of HA as indicated by the release of phosphate into the solution phase was higher in the Comm-HA than the Bio-HA, indicating a more stable biomaterial which has a potential for the remediation of contaminated sites.

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“…This material has previously been found to be efficient in the removal of radioactive ions such as UO 2 2? (Simon et al 2008), Co 2? (Smiciklas et al 2006) and Sr 2?…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Nano-crystalline hydroxyapatite bio-mineral for the treatment of strontium from aqueous solutions

et al. 2010

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“…PRBs have been installed at more than 40 sites in the U.S. and Canada. This in situ remediation method has been applied to uranium-contaminated sites [21,22,23,24]. However, when uranium is present at a high concentration, it precipitates and/or is absorbed in such large quantities that it causes the diversion of subsurface groundwater flow paths, exacerbating the subsurface containment issues by increasing the region influenced by the contaminant plume [25].…”

Section: Physical and Chemical Remediation Of Uraniummentioning

confidence: 99%

Immobilization of Uranium in Groundwater Using Biofilms

Cao

Ahmed

Beyenal

2009

Emerging Environmental Technologies, Volume II

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Uranium is one of the most common radionuclides in soils, sediments, and groundwater at radionuclides-contaminated sites. At these contaminated sites, uranium leaches into the groundwater, which has become a widespread problem at mining and milling sites across North America, South America, and Eastern Europe. The movement of groundwater usually transports soluble uranium contaminants beyond their original boundaries, causing a global problem in aquifers, water supplies, and related ecosystems and posing a serious threat to human health and the natural environment. In order to meet the EPA standards, extensive efforts have been made to assess and remediate uranium-contaminated sites. As a cost-effective technology with minimal disruption to the environment, bioremediation harnessing indigenous microbial processes for cleanup has been utilized for uranium remediation. In the first part of this chapter, various uranium remediation technologies are discussed. Emphasis is placed on the principles and mechanisms of uranium bioremediation and the key factors affecting it. The second part of this chapter focuses on the use of biofilms for uranium immobilization in groundwater from subsurface environments. Most of the literature studies on uranium bioremediation have been conducted with suspended microorganisms or enriched sediments, which were eventually spiked with micro-or nano-particles of other minerals. However, biofilms are the commonly found microbial growth pattern in natural soils and water-sediment interfaces. With heterogeneous and complex biotic, abiotic and redox conditions significantly different from those in bulk conditions, biofilms pose challenges in predicting the mobility of uranium. Although previous studies have improved our understanding of uranium immobilization processes in biofilms, in order to efficiently and sustainably immobilize uranium at contaminated sites using indigenous biofilms, more knowledge is needed on the complex interactions among uranium, biofilms, and various redox-sensitive minerals during in situ uranium bioremediation.

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“…Apatite minerals have been effective in decreasing soluble concentrations (i.e., a 1,000-fold reduction) of contaminants that include Cd, Co, Cu, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sb, Th, and U [73,79,105]. Apatite reactive barriers have been effective in decreasing soluble metal and radionuclide concentrations in situ; however, the reversibility of cation adsorption and possible changes to hydraulic conductivity must be considered with this approach [34,80,81,100]. Thus, the use of apatite requires continuous monitoring of the barrier effluent under dynamic geochemical conditions (i.e., changing contaminant concentration and pH) to maintain optimal contaminant sequestration and to calculate barrier lifetime [80,100].…”

Section: Solid Reactive Phosphatementioning

confidence: 99%

“…An alternative to introducing soluble orthophosphate into contaminated sediment and groundwater is the application of apatite [Ca 5 (PO 4 ) 3 (F,OH,Cl)] minerals (e.g., bone apatite, synthetic apatite minerals, and rock phosphate) as subsurface reactive barriers [97][98][99][100][101][102]. Numerous studies have demonstrated that in situ soluble metal and radionuclide concentrations can be greatly reduced by surface interactions, dissolutionprecipitation reactions, and ion-exchange with apatite minerals [34,70,73,103,104]. Apatite minerals have been effective in decreasing soluble concentrations (i.e., a 1,000-fold reduction) of contaminants that include Cd, Co, Cu, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sb, Th, and U [73,79,105].…”

Section: Solid Reactive Phosphatementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chemical and physical methods, including excavation and soil capping [21,22], pump and treat technologies [23,24], mineral adsorption [25][26][27], mineral precipitation [28,29], complexation [30][31][32], adsorption to permeable zero-valent iron and hydroxyapatite reactive barriers [33][34][35], cement solidification [36,37], and vitrification [38,39], have all demonstrated efficacy in mitigating contaminant transport in situ. Remediation methods that depend upon chemical transformations for in situ sequestration of contaminants must first consider local geochemical parameters that include local geology, concentrations of soluble anions and cations, pH, and redox state.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phosphate-Mediated Remediation of Metals and Radionuclides

Martinez

Beazley

Sobecky

2014

Advances in Ecology

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Worldwide industrialization activities create vast amounts of organic and inorganic waste streams that frequently result in significant soil and groundwater contamination. Metals and radionuclides are of particular concern due to their mobility and longterm persistence in aquatic and terrestrial environments. As the global population increases, the demand for safe, contaminantfree soil and groundwater will increase as will the need for effective and inexpensive remediation strategies. Remediation strategies that include physical and chemical methods (i.e., abiotic) or biological activities have been shown to impede the migration of radionuclide and metal contaminants within soil and groundwater. However, abiotic remediation methods are often too costly owing to the quantities and volumes of soils and/or groundwater requiring treatment. The in situ sequestration of metals and radionuclides mediated by biological activities associated with microbial phosphorus metabolism is a promising and less costly addition to our existing remediation methods. This review highlights the current strategies for abiotic and microbial phosphatemediated techniques for uranium and metal remediation.

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Uranium removal from groundwater using hydroxyapatite

Cited by 109 publications

References 47 publications

Nano-crystalline hydroxyapatite bio-mineral for the treatment of strontium from aqueous solutions

Nano-crystalline hydroxyapatite bio-mineral for the treatment of strontium from aqueous solutions

Immobilization of Uranium in Groundwater Using Biofilms

Phosphate-Mediated Remediation of Metals and Radionuclides

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