Urban Forestry

Grebner, Donald L.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-386901-2.00016-6

Cited by 13 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 53 publications

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“…Tree species that grow, survive, and thrive in the shade are shade‐tolerant, while those that require full sunlight are shade‐intolerant (Grebner et al, 2021 ). Scots pine ( Pinus sylvestris L.), one of the most economically important conifers of the Boreal forests, is a shade intolerant species, yet it is adapted to the local light conditions in the northern latitudes characterized by a low R:FR ratio during the growth period.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptive strategies of Scots pine under shade: Increase in lignin synthesis and ecotypic variation in defense‐related gene expression

Ranade

Seipel

Gorzsás

et al. 2022

Physiologia Plantarum

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Shade is a stressful condition for plants characterized by low Red:Far‐Red (R:FR) ratio. The northern latitudes in Sweden daily receive more hours of FR‐enriched light (twilight) or shade‐like conditions compared to southern forests during the growing season. Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) is a shade‐intolerant species. Yet, it is well adapted to this latitudinal variation in light, which is evident by a northward increase in FR requirement to maintain growth. Shade adversely affects plant growth; it makes the plant weak and, therefore, susceptible to pathogen attack. Lignin is involved in plant protection against pathogen invasion mainly by forming a physical barrier. We studied lignin synthesis and expression of defense‐related genes (growth‐defense trade‐offs) under a low R:FR (shade) ratio in Scots pine. A higher number of immunity/defense‐related genes were up‐regulated in response to shade in northern populations compared to southern ones, which can be viewed as a local adaptation to light quality for optimal growth and survival. Light quality regulates lignin metabolism; light stimulates lignin synthesis, while shade causes a decrease in lignin synthesis in most angiosperms. In contrast, Scots pine shows an increase in lignin synthesis supported by the higher expression of a few key genes in the lignin biosynthetic pathway, a novel finding reported by our study. These findings can be applied to future breeding strategies in forestry to produce disease‐resilient trees.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptive strategies of Scots pine under shade: Increase in lignin synthesis and ecotypic variation in defense‐related gene expression

Ranade

Seipel

Gorzsás

et al. 2022

Physiologia Plantarum

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Physical and Economic Aspects to Assessing Woody Biomass Availability for Bioenergy Production and Related Supply Constraints

Grebner

Grala

Joshi

et al. 2015

Handbook of Bioenergy

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The simplicity of XGBoost algorithm versus the complexity of Random Forest, Support Vector Machine, and Neural Networks algorithms in urban forest classification

Ramdani

Furqon

2022

F1000Res

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Background: The availability of urban forest is under serious threat, especially in developing countries where urbanization is taking place rapidly. Meanwhile, there are many classifier algorithms available to monitor the extent of the urban forest. However, we need to assess the performance of each classifier to understand its complexity and accuracy. Methods: This study proposes a novel procedure using R language with RStudio software to assess four different classifiers based on different numbers of training datasets to classify the urban forest within the campus environment. The normalized difference vegetation indices (NDVI) were then employed to compare the accuracy of each classifier. Results: This study found that the Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) classifier outperformed the other three classifiers, with an RMSE value of 1.56. While the Artificial Neural Network (ANN), Random Forest (RF), and Support Vector Machine (SVM) were in second, third, and fourth place with RMSE values of 4.33, 6.81, and 7.45 respectively. Conclusions: The XGBoost algorithm is the most suitable for urban forest classification with limited data training. This study is easy to reproduce since the code is available and open to the public.

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Urban Forestry

Cited by 13 publications

References 53 publications

Adaptive strategies of Scots pine under shade: Increase in lignin synthesis and ecotypic variation in defense‐related gene expression

Adaptive strategies of Scots pine under shade: Increase in lignin synthesis and ecotypic variation in defense‐related gene expression

Physical and Economic Aspects to Assessing Woody Biomass Availability for Bioenergy Production and Related Supply Constraints

The simplicity of XGBoost algorithm versus the complexity of Random Forest, Support Vector Machine, and Neural Networks algorithms in urban forest classification

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