Urban green spaces analysis for development planning in Colombo, Sri Lanka, utilizing THEOS satellite imagery – A remote sensing and GIS approach

Senanayake, I. P.; Welivitiya, W. D. D. P.; Nadeeka, PM

doi:10.1016/j.ufug.2013.03.011

Cited by 70 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…For example, in summer at the 0.5 km × 0.5 km scale, the value is approximately 5 ha. Therefore, based on the results, increasing the area of urban green spaces can effectively mitigate the UHI, and this was consistent with previous studies [38,58].…”

Section: Theoretical Implicationssupporting

confidence: 92%

The Effect of Urban Green Spaces on the Urban Thermal Environment and Its Seasonal Variations

Yang

Wang

et al. 2017

Forests

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Urban green spaces have been shown to decrease land surface temperature (LST) significantly. However, few studies have explored the relationships between urban green spaces and LST across different seasons at different spatial scales. In this study, using Changchun, China as a case study, landscape ecology and comparative approaches were employed quantitatively to investigate the effects of the composition and configuration of urban green spaces on the urban thermal environments. LST maps were retrieved from Landsat 8 Thermal Infrared Sensor (TIRS) data acquired on four dates that represented four different seasons, and detailed information of urban green spaces was extracted from high resolution imagery GF-1. Normalized differential vegetation index (NDVI) and six landscape metrics at patch, class, and landscape level were used to characterize the spatial patterns of urban green spaces. The results showed that urban green spaces did have significant cooling effects in all seasons, except for winter, but the effects varied considerably across the different seasons and green types, and seemed to depend on the NDVI and size of urban green spaces. Compared to shape metrics, the negative relationships between the LST and the area and the NDVI of urban green spaces were more significant. Both the composition and configuration of urban green spaces can affect the distribution of LST. Based on findings with one city, given a fixed area of urban green spaces, the number of green patches can positively or negatively affect the LST, depending on if the number is larger than a threshold or not, and the threshold varies according to the given area. These findings provide new perspectives, and further research is also suggested, to generate a better understanding of how urban green spaces affect the urban thermal environment.

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Section: Theoretical Implicationssupporting

confidence: 92%

The Effect of Urban Green Spaces on the Urban Thermal Environment and Its Seasonal Variations

Yang

Wang

et al. 2017

Forests

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“…In addition, the newly reclaimed land adjacent to the Colombo harbor (Port City) development project helped to add new land to the Colombo District. These developments increased the impervious surface in the western part of the district [4].The fast urban expansion of these areas was due to the rapid development of the Colombo District after the conclusion of 30 years of civil war [4,35]. Figure 4 shows LST had a positive and significant relationship with NDBI for the two-time points and that the R 2 values were high.…”

Section: Mean Ndbi and Its Hot And Cold Spots In 1997 And 2017mentioning

confidence: 95%

Spatial Changes of Urban Heat Island Formation in the Colombo District, Sri Lanka: Implications for Sustainability Planning

et al. 2018

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The formation of surface urban heat islands (SUHIs) can cause significant adverse impacts on the quality of living in urban areas. Monitoring the spatial patterns and trajectories of UHI formations could be helpful to urban planners in crafting appropriate mitigation and adaptation measures. This study examined the spatial pattern of SUHI formation in the Colombo District (Sri Lanka), based on land surface temperature (LST), a normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), a normalized difference built-up index (NDBI), and population density (PD) using a geospatial-based hot and cold spot analysis tool. Here, 'hot spots' refers to areas with significant spatial clustering of high variable values, while 'cold spots' refers to areas with significant spatial clustering of low variable values. The results indicated that between 1997 and 2017, 32.7% of the 557 divisions in the Colombo District persisted as hot spots. These hot spots were characterized by a significant clustering of high composite index values resulting from the four variables (LST, NDVI (inverted), NDBI, and PD). This study also identified newly emerging hot spots, which accounted for 49 divisions (8.8%). Large clusters of hot spots between both time points were found on the western side of the district, while cold spots were found on the eastern side of the district. The areas identified as hot spots are the more urbanized parts of the district. The emerging hot spots were in areas that had undergone landscape changes due to urbanization. Such areas are found between the persistent hot spots (western parts of the district) and persistent cold spots (eastern parts of the district). Generally, the spatial pattern of the emerging hot spots followed the pattern of urbanization in the district, which had been expanding from west to east. Overall, the findings of this study could be used as a reference in the context of sustainable landscape and urban planning for the Colombo District.

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“…According to the available literature, more than 2000 years ago Colombo was known as a port city to Roman, Arabic, and Chinese traders [11]. By the mid-16th century, Portuguese invaders used Colombo's port as a trading post, and later, Dutch invaders in the 17th century and British invaders in the 19th century used Colombo's port as a military outpost [35].…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatiotemporal Analysis of Urban Growth Using GIS and Remote Sensing: A Case Study of the Colombo Metropolitan Area, Sri Lanka

Subasinghe

Estoque

Murayama

2016

IJGI

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Abstract:Understanding urban growth spatiotemporally is important for landscape and urban development planning. In this study, we examined the spatiotemporal pattern of urban growth of the Colombo Metropolitan Area (CMA)-Sri Lanka's only metropolitan area-from 1992 to 2014 using remote sensing data and GIS techniques. First, we classified three land-use/cover maps of the CMA (i.e., for 1992, 2001, and 2014) using Landsat data. Second, we examined the temporal pattern of urban land changes (ULCs; i.e., land changes from non-built-up to built-up) across two time intervals (1992-2001 and 2001-2014). Third, we examined the spatial pattern of ULCs along the gradients of various driver variables (e.g., distance to roads) and by using spatial metrics. Finally, we predicted the future urban growth of the CMA (2014-2050). Our results revealed that the CMA's built-up land has increased by 24,711 ha (221%) over the past 22 years (11,165 ha in 1992 to 35,876 ha in 2014), at a rate of 1123 ha per year. The analysis revealed that ULC was more intense or faster during the 2000s (1268 ha per year) than in the 1990s (914 ha per year), coinciding with the trends of population and economic growth. The results also revealed that most of the ULCs in both time intervals occurred in close proximity to roads and schools, while also showing some indications of landscape fragmentation and infill urban development patterns. The ULC modeling revealed that by 2030 and 2050, the CMA's built-up land will increase to 42,500 ha and 56,000 ha, respectively. Most of these projected gains of built-up land will be along the transport corridors and in proximity to the growth nodes. These findings are important in the context of landscape and urban development planning for the CMA. Overall, this study provides valuable information on the landscape transformation of the CMA, also highlighting some important challenges facing its future sustainable urban development.

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Urban green spaces analysis for development planning in Colombo, Sri Lanka, utilizing THEOS satellite imagery – A remote sensing and GIS approach

Cited by 70 publications

References 15 publications

The Effect of Urban Green Spaces on the Urban Thermal Environment and Its Seasonal Variations

The Effect of Urban Green Spaces on the Urban Thermal Environment and Its Seasonal Variations

Spatial Changes of Urban Heat Island Formation in the Colombo District, Sri Lanka: Implications for Sustainability Planning

Spatiotemporal Analysis of Urban Growth Using GIS and Remote Sensing: A Case Study of the Colombo Metropolitan Area, Sri Lanka

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