Urban growth and transport: understanding the spatial temporal relationship

Abstract

Transport and urban growth are strongly related. In fact, there is a reciprocal relationship between transport and urban growth. To understand this relationship, it is necessary to analyze urban spatial temporal changes and their related causes and effects. In this paper, an extensive evidence-based and scientific description of the relationship between urban growth and transport is presented. This relationship is specifically explored for Jeddah city, Saudi Arabia, applying spatial temporal analysis techniques from remote sensing and Geographic Information Systems. Spatial and statistical analyses have been used to analyze and relate urban growth and transport spatial temporal indicators. Results indicate a strong reciprocal relationship between urban growth and transport in Jeddah city. It is found that transport infrastructure expansion strongly correlates with population growth, spatial expansion and land use change. Results also reveal that population growth has increased urban trips and the consequent travel demand, and there is imbalance between travel demand and transport infrastructure supply which explains the increase in congestion. This study also points out a strong significant influence of transport infrastructure on spatial temporal expansion and land use change. It is found that highways and main roads have stronger influence on spatial expansion and land use change in comparison with secondary roads. Although, this study provides significant information for transport and urban development policies, further research is encouraged to use spatial statistical analysis and dynamic modelling to study the reciprocal relationship between urban growth and transport.

Transport indicator analysis and comparison of 151 urban areas, based on open source data

“…A tight relationship between transport and urban development has been shown in earlier works [34,37]. The imbalance between travel demand and transport infrastructure supply as reason for the increase in congestion has been studied by Aljoufie et al [1]. High congestion levels cause significant costs to society; it has been estimated that exposure to traffic congestion reduces welfare in the US by $557 million per year [17] and the estimation of congestion cost to UK economy is approximately £13 billion per year, in a forecast through 2030 increasing to £21 billion per year [44].…”

“…For each city group, the model from eq. (1) has been calibrated, as the exponential curve showed the best fit. The regression curve and the R 2 are also indicated in each bubble graph.…”

“…The relationship between transport infrastructure expansion and population growth, spatial expansion and land-use change has been highlighted in many works [1,5,46]. A tight relationship between transport and urban development has been shown in earlier works [34,37].…”

REINFORCE: rapid augmentation of large-scale multi-modal transport networks for resilience enhancement

“…The continuous increase of the world's population in urban areas (Nations 2018) and the need for ensuring the urban mobility of such large volumes of people demand for adapting and augmenting the current transport offer in large agglomerations by considering the addition of new transport modes or the development of new transport lines. As highlighted by Aljoufie et al (2011), a strong relationship exists between the urban growth and the transport network extension. The latter is also accentuated by the fact that some transport networks already operate at their capacity limits (International transport forum 2016; Dolinayova et al 2020).…”

Uma metodologia orientada a dados sociodemográficos para predição de preços do Uber X

“…O crescimento da população pode induzir um aumento na quantidade de viagens no meio urbano e faz com que as cidades nem sempre consigam se ajustar adequadamente a essa demanda (Aljoufie et al, 2011). Uma tendência emergente para gerenciar e minimizar o impacto dos problemas ocasionados pelo crescimento populacionalé a utilização das Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação (TIC).…”