Urban park layout and exposure to traffic-derived air pollutants

Xing, Yongming; Brimblecombe, Peter

doi:10.1016/j.landurbplan.2019.103682

Cited by 40 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Owing to the high population densities in urban areas, public use facilities, such as schools and parks in residential areas, have become closer to roads with increasing traffic. As a result, residents’ exposure to harmful air pollutants emitted by on-road mobile sources has become a serious health and environmental problem [ 2 , 3 ]. Air pollutants emitted from vehicles, such as nitrogen oxides (NO x ), carbon monoxide (CO), black carbon (BC), and ultrafine particles (UFPs) with a diameter less than 100 nm, have caused various environmental diseases such as respiratory diseases, stunted growth in children, and cardiovascular diseases [ 4 , 5 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing 3-D Spatial Extent of Near-Road Air Pollution around a Signalized Intersection Using Drone Monitoring and WRF-CFD Modeling

Lee

Kwak

2020

IJERPH

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In this study, we have assessed the three-dimensional (3-D) spatial extent of near-road air pollution around a signalized intersection in a densely populated area using collaborating methodologies of stationary measurements, drone monitoring, and atmospheric dispersion modeling. Stationary measurement data collected in the roadside apartment building showed a substantial effect of emitted pollutants, such as nitrogen oxides (NOx), black carbon (BC), and ultrafine particles (UFPs), especially during the morning rush hours. Vertical drone monitoring near the road intersection exhibited a steeper decreasing trend with increasing altitude for BC concentration rather than for fine particulate matter (PM2.5) concentration below the apartment building height. Atmospheric NOx dispersion was simulated using the weather research and forecasting (WRF) and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models for the drone measurement periods. Based on the agreement between the measured BC and simulated NOx concentrations, we concluded that the air pollution around the road intersection has adverse effects on the health of residents living within the 3-D spatial extent within at least 120 m horizontally and a half of building height vertically during the morning rush hours. The comparability between drone monitoring and WRF-CFD modeling can further guarantee the identification of air pollution hotspots using the methods.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing 3-D Spatial Extent of Near-Road Air Pollution around a Signalized Intersection Using Drone Monitoring and WRF-CFD Modeling

Lee

Kwak

2020

IJERPH

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“…As argued by Janhäll [15], the design and choice of urban green is fundamental when using vegetation to deliver an ecosystem service like the improvement of air quality [1,[73][74][75][76]. Indeed, several factors, other than plant traits, affect leaf deposition.…”

Section: Particulate Mattermentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Vegetation as a Mitigating Factor in the Urban Context

et al. 2020

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It is known that the urban environment amplifies the effects of climate change, sometimes with disastrous consequences that put people at risk. These aspects can be affected by urban vegetation and planting design but, while there are thousands of papers related to the effects of climate change, a relatively limited number of them are directly aimed at investigating the role of vegetation as a mitigating factor in the urban context. This paper focuses on reviewing the research on the role of urban vegetation in alleviating the adverse conditions of the urban environment in order to provide some practical guidelines to be applied by city planners. Through an analysis of the documents found in Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar using urban vegetation and climate change-related keywords we selected five major issues related to the urban environment: (1) particulate matter, (2) gaseous pollution, (3) noise pollution, (4) water runoff, (5) urban heat island effect. The analysis of existing knowledge reported here indicates that the roles of urban vegetation on the adverse effect of climate change could not be simply deemed positive or negative, because the role of urban green is also strongly linked to the structure, composition, and distribution of vegetation, as well as to the criteria used for management. Therefore, it could help to better understand the roles of urban green as a complex system and provide the foundation for future studies.

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“…With rapid economic development and urbanization, ecological problems are becoming increasingly prominent, and air pollution has become one of the most serious problems to be faced by the whole world-especially by largely urbanized and densely populated countries, such as China [1]. According to the state of China's Ecological Environment Bulletin 2019, 157 cities were not up to the desired standards of ambient air quality, accounting for 46.6% of the total number of cities in China, with the overall situation not being optimistic.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in Airborne Particulate Matter Concentration in Urban Green Spaces with Different Spatial Structures in Xi’an, China

Jiang

Sun

et al. 2021

Forests

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With the acceleration of urbanization and industrialization, air pollution is becoming one of the most serious problems in cities. Urban green spaces, as “green infrastructure”, are an important part of urban ecosystems for air purification. Therefore, 10 typical green spaces of urban parks in the city of Xi’an, China, were selected as study areas according to vegetation structure and species composition. Considering meteorological factors and time changes, the effects of the selected green spaces with different vegetation structures of different heights on the reduction in airborne particulate matter concentration were explored. The results showed that the following: (1) Temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, and air pressure had significant correlation with the concentration of airborne particulate matter at the different heights, and the correlations were the same at 1.5 and 5 m. (2) After heating in winter, the concentration of airborne particulate matter with different particle sizes increased significantly. The concentration of airborne particulate matter showed different trends throughout the day, and the small particles (PM1 and PM2.5) had a trend of “lower in the morning and evening, and higher at noon”, while the large particles (PM10 and TSP) gradually decreased over time. (3) In the selected green spaces with different vegetation structure types, the concentration of airborne particulate matter below the canopy (1.5 m) was generally higher than that in the middle of the canopy (5 m), but the effects of reducing the concentration of airborne particulate matter were consistent at the different heights. (4) The adsorption capacity of PM1 and PM2.5 concentration was strong in the partially closed broad-leaved one-layered forest (PBO), and poor in the partially closed broad-leaved multi-layered forest (PBM). Partially closed broad-leaved multi-layered forest (PBM) and partially closed coniferous and broad-leaved mixed multi-layered forest (PMM) also had strong dust-retention effect on PM10 and TSP, while closed broad-leaved one-layered forest (CBO) had a poor dust-retention effect. The results showed that the reduction effects of urban green spaces with different spatial structures on air particles were different, and were restricted by various environmental factors, which could provide a theoretical basis for the optimization of urban green space structure and the improvement of urban air quality.

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Urban park layout and exposure to traffic-derived air pollutants

Cited by 40 publications

References 48 publications

Assessing 3-D Spatial Extent of Near-Road Air Pollution around a Signalized Intersection Using Drone Monitoring and WRF-CFD Modeling

Assessing 3-D Spatial Extent of Near-Road Air Pollution around a Signalized Intersection Using Drone Monitoring and WRF-CFD Modeling

Role of Vegetation as a Mitigating Factor in the Urban Context

Differences in Airborne Particulate Matter Concentration in Urban Green Spaces with Different Spatial Structures in Xi’an, China

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