“…It is worth noting that, of all these methods, dynamic network DEA is the only one to consider the dynamic and network features of the innovation process simultaneously (Tone & Tsutsui, 2014). It has been employed in various research fields (Chang, Tone, & Wu, 2021;Del Barrio-Tellado, Gómez-Vega, Gómez-Zapata, & Herrero-Prieto, 2021;Losa, Arjomandi, Dakpo, & Bloomfield, 2020;Lu, Chiu, Yang, & Lin, 2021;See, Hamzah, & Yu, 2021;Wanke, Azad, Emrouznejad, & Antunes, 2019;Wanke, Tsionas, Chen, & Antunes, 2020;Xie, Zhou, Zong, & Lu, 2020), while only a few recent studies have applied it to estimate innovation efficiency; for instance, Liu and Lyu (2020) used it to calculate the innovation efficiency of China's pharmaceutical industries, and Bostian, Daraio, Grosskopf, Ruocco, and Weber (2020) employed it to conduct efficiency analysis at a cross-country level.…”