Urban Soils

Morel, Jean-Louis; Schwartz, Christophe; Florentin, Louis; Kimpe, C. De

doi:10.1016/b0-12-348530-4/00305-2

Cited by 58 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Information on different ways in which heavy metals are deposited in soil can be found in subject literature, i.e. directly with technogenic materials (Morel et al 2005;El Khalil et al 2008), indirectly with the superficial deposition of dusts and as a consequence of the aging of the components of utilities (Palm and Östlund 1996). The network of utilities is omnipresent in the city but with different densities and different kinds of materials.…”

Section: Diversity Of the Heavy Metal Contentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In areas covered with Technosols, the acid reaction of soils is very rarely noted. It is a consequence of the widespread deposition of construction waste based on lime into the soil (Morel et al 2005).…”

Section: Physico-chemical Property Diversitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Their properties and degree of differentiation, and in many cases their ease of decomposition, strongly influence the state of urban soils (Siem et al 1987;Morel et al 2005;Pickett and Cadenasso 2009;Huot et al 2013). The presence of technogenic materials also strongly influences the potential direction of the migration of water and elements dissolved in the soil profile.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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The heterogeneity of urban soils in the light of their properties

Greinert

2015

J Soils Sediments

113

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Section: Diversity Of the Heavy Metal Contentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Physico-chemical Property Diversitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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The heterogeneity of urban soils in the light of their properties

Greinert

2015

J Soils Sediments

113

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“…Their (1) lithological properties (e.g. extreme pH values, great abundance of calcareous materials, large amounts of organic matter ;Bradshaw 1983;Beyer et al 1996;Lemaire and Rossignol 1999;Lorenz and Kandeler 2005;Morel et al 2005), (2) hydrological characteristics (extreme permeability, permeable material or paved surface; Nehls et al 2007), (3) high porosity (i.e. high specific surface) and (4) high temperature and albedo system (Farouki 1986;Baumgartl 1998;Schleuß et al 1998) cover wider ranges than natural substrates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early pedogenic evolution of constructed Technosols

Séré¹,

Schwartz²,

Ouvrard³

et al. 2010

J Soils Sediments

136

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Purpose Constructed soils are Technosols resulting from the deliberate combination of various artefacts. Similarly to natural soils, technogenic parent materials are transformed by pedogenic factors contributing to their evolution. This work was conducted to study the first stages of the pedogenesis of constructed soils. Materials and methods Two soils were constructed in lysimetric plots (10 × 10 m) using an engineering process by the combination of paper-mill sludge, thermally treated soil material and green waste compost. Evolution of the soil profiles, composition of soils and leachates were studied for 3 years. Results and discussion A strong evolution of the profiles was observed over the 3 years with rapid changes in the number and characteristics of the horizons. Significant changes in chemical weathering (decarbonatisation) and physical status (aggregation), i.e. processes similar to those occurring in natural soils were observed. Other processes specific to the technogenic materials were recorded, e.g. massive dissolution of gypsum or drainage of constitutive water. Apart from constructed Technosols classification, prediction was made on their future pedogenic evolution. Conclusions Constructed Technosols made of finely divided reactive organic and mineral compounds were observed to evolve quickly. Evidences of original pedogenic processes have been highlighted that could be considered as a general diagnostic characteristic of Technosols. Finally, some considerations about the application of the World Reference Base for Soil Resources to the classification of Technosols are proposed, taking into account some aspects of their pedogenesis that have been highlighted by our work.

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“…Generally speaking, Technosols are characterized by extreme values of bulk density (from less than 0.5 to more than 1.6 kg dm −3 ), coarse textures, great both horizontal as well as vertical heterogeneity (Lehmann and Stahr, 2007;Morel et al, 2005). These man-made soils should fulfill the main soil functions as defined by the EC-COM 231/2006(European Union, 2006 and hence should represent an environmentally sound mixture (e.g., low pollutant availability, low ecotoxicity).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In situ remediation of polluted Spolic Technosols using Ca(OH)2 and smectitic marlstone

et al. 2014

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a b s t r a c t a r t i c l e i n f oTechnosols are soils developed on non-traditional substrates and containing large quantities of materials mostly due to intensive human industrial activity, such as artefacts. The increasing number of sites affected by Technosols and their impact on the environment as growing media for plants or as source of pollutants require an understanding of their functioning and evolution, above all the knowledge on the transport of toxic substances from contaminated technogenic soils to groundwater. A case study on properties, remediation and evaluation of Technosols made up by vitrified fly ash and glass-ceramics in Italy was carried out. Original technogenic soils, classified as Spolic Technosols (ecotoxic), were pedotechnically in situ remediated by adding smectitic marlstone and Ca(OH) 2 . Chemical analysis on samples from piezometers showed the presence of harmful heavy metals in groundwater. By means of boreholes and soil profiles the new soils generated, after remediation, were physically and chemically characterized and classified as Spolic Technosols (calcaric). Analysis on soil toxicity and leaching tests showed the effectiveness of the remediation and the mobility reduction of some potentially harmful elements according to the environmental Italian regulation.

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Urban Soils

Cited by 58 publications

References 2 publications

The heterogeneity of urban soils in the light of their properties

The heterogeneity of urban soils in the light of their properties

Early pedogenic evolution of constructed Technosols

In situ remediation of polluted Spolic Technosols using Ca(OH)2 and smectitic marlstone

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