Urban Triage, City Systems, and the Remnants of Community

Kirkpatrick, L. Owen

doi:10.1177/0096144214563503

Cited by 36 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Also impacted are the 88,000 people currently living in a zone of the city slated for abandonment and "greening." 135 These communities face the targeted withdrawal of crucial social services and public infrastructures as Detroit seeks to "rightsize" its municipal footprint.…”

Section: The Cycle Splinters: Municipal Finance In Chicago and Detroitmentioning

confidence: 99%

The New Urban Fiscal Crisis

Kirkpatrick

2016

Politics & Society

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Numerous U.S. cities suffered immense fiscal strain following the subprime mortgage crisis and financial crash of 2007–8. Diminished revenues, tightened credit, and speculative financing that went bad in the aftermath fueled widespread fiscal distress on the local scale. Although the current moment resembles fiscal crises that crested in cities in the 1970s–90s, two factors distinguish the current period. First, municipal affairs have become thoroughly financialized—dominated by speculative securities and volatile debt arrangements—such that local crisis can no longer be understood apart from financial market instability. Second, local fiscal politics have become increasingly removed from democratic oversight and control. This de-democratization hinders the capacity of political communities to reregulate markets and rebuild urban communities. An analytic model derived from the work of Hyman Minsky and Karl Polanyi emphasizes how cities become ensnared in a “financial instability” cycle and how communities seek to protect themselves by way of the “double movement.”

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Section: The Cycle Splinters: Municipal Finance In Chicago and Detroitmentioning

confidence: 99%

The New Urban Fiscal Crisis

Kirkpatrick

2016

Politics & Society

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“…Of course, the future is impossible to predict, but Detroit Future City (DFC) attempts to lay out a set of directions. Beginning as the Detroit Works Project under former Mayor Dave Bing, in the midst of the late 2000s financial crisis, DFC "articulates a compelling vision of a smaller, greener Detroit" [63] (p. 272).…”

Section: Discussion: Detroit's Contested Futuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wastelands, Greenways and Gentrification: Introducing a Comparative Framework with a Focus on Detroit, USA

et al. 2020

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Vacant, abandoned or unproductive land parcels, sometimes called “wastelands”, offer opportunities to create new green spaces in cities. Such spaces may be utilized to add to the stock of urban nature, expand recreational green space, promote real estate or commercial development, or simply remain undefined. These various trajectories have significant implications for population health, ecosystem services and real estate values. However, they may also contribute to inequitable outcomes. Are disadvantaged communities, which may be paradoxically rich in wastelands, more advantaged when green space redevelopment occurs, or are they more at risk of green gentrification and associated displacement? To address this question, we first review some of the literature relative to wastelands, especially as they relate to processes of urban change such as depopulation, land use planning, regrowth and gentrification. We utilize historical redlining maps, the Detroit Master Plan and projected land use scenarios from the Detroit Future City (DFC) Strategic Framework Plan to identify areas of vulnerability or possibility within walking distance of the proposed Joe Louis Greenway (JLG). Finally, we consider how wastelands situated along the JLG may be reframed as flexible opportunity spaces, their potential leveraged to advance environmental justice, economic opportunity, and social equity, especially as the City of Detroit takes socioeconomic and racial equity as a key orienting principle—an alternative to green gentrification that we call green reparations.

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“…Despite these benefits, there are also critiques of land banks as being too powerful, privileging private capital over community needs, and perpetuating the mistakes of top-down community renewal policy in communities of color (Hackworth 2016;Benediktsson 2014;Kirkpatrick 2015;Taylor 2017). Specifically, Hackworth (2016) attacks demolition-a policy land banks often engage in-as the continuation of unjust planning policies in marginalized communities.…”

Section: Literature On Land Banksmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Theorists have also criticized programs focused on blight removal as a top-down policy that does not acknowledge the value of existing community spaces (Metzger 2000;Kirkpatrick 2015;Hackworth 2016;Taylor 2017). In this view, by stigmatizing blight in low-income communities of color, policy may reinforce existing geography of segregation.…”

Section: Literature On Land Banksmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Others have critiqued the assumption that blight removal-without other development interventions-will positively benefit communities (Hackworth 2016). As mentioned above, by attempting to triage "problem" homes or neighborhoods, planners signal that an area is in decline-beginning a self-fulfilling prophecy that can accelerate cycles of disinvestment (Hackworth 2016;Kirkpatrick 2015;Metzger 2000).…”

Section: Community Perceptions and Engagement As Barriersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Do Land Banks Mean Progress Toward Socially Equitable Urban Development? Observations from New York State

Small,

Minner

2023

Urban Affairs Review

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Local governments view land banks as an improvement to the municipal management of foreclosed property. Critics contend that land banks wield too much power, concentrate demolitions in poor and majority neighborhoods of color, and have unfortunate parallels to the flawed, top-down policies of mid-twentieth century urban renewal. Examining land banks through a lens of social equity and reparative planning, this research asks “To what extent do land banks in New York state work toward equitable urban development?” Interviews with land-bank leaders, property acquisition and disposition data, and spatial analysis of neighborhood dynamics were triangulated in a comparative case study of three land banks in New York state communities. Although land-bank leaders show an awareness and desire to address issues of equity, the authors observed that more community engagement, expanding partnerships with nonprofits, and shifts in approaches to demolition could provide more equitable outcomes in disinvested communities. Some land banks had clearly adopted policies aimed to acknowledge and address the role land banks can and should play in addressing historical inequities. Whether that commitment to equity will remain strong into the future remains an open question. In a COVID-19 context, land banks were operating with significantly reduced inventories and resources. More resources could be provided to land banks from Federal and State sources to support equity initiatives. But those resources should be provided under the condition that land banks become vehicles for repairing past White supremacist and structurally racist policies that created the uneven landscapes that land banks were created to address.

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Urban Triage, City Systems, and the Remnants of Community

Cited by 36 publications

References 3 publications

The New Urban Fiscal Crisis

The New Urban Fiscal Crisis

Wastelands, Greenways and Gentrification: Introducing a Comparative Framework with a Focus on Detroit, USA

Do Land Banks Mean Progress Toward Socially Equitable Urban Development? Observations from New York State

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