Urbanization, peri-urban water (in)security and human well-being: a perspective from four South Asian cities

Narain, Vishal; Khan, M. Shah Alam; Sada, Rajesh; Singh, Shweta; Prakash, Anjal

doi:10.1080/02508060.2013.851930

Cited by 49 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Urban and rural water security: the domestic sector Nepal is the least urbanized country in South Asia but is now experiencing rapid urbanization, especially in Kathmandu and cities across the Terai. Urbanization creates new demands for water, and takes water away from agriculture and rural domestic needs to meet urban, residential, industrial and recreational needs (Narain, Khan, Sada, Singh, & Prakash, 2013). Urban water insecurity is a major emerging issue and is further complicated by issues of water pollution and solid waste management.…”

Section: Hydro-energy Securitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Achieving water security in Nepal through unravelling the water-energy-agriculture nexus

Nepal

Neupane

Belbase

et al. 2019

International Journal of Water Resources Development

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This article investigates water security in Nepal from the perspective of the water-energy-agriculture (food) nexus, focusing on pathways to water security that originate in actions and policies related to other sectors. It identifies promoting development of Nepal's hydropower potential to provide energy for pumping as way to improve water security in agriculture. Renewable groundwater reserves of 1.4 billion cubic meters (BCM), from an estimated available balance of 6.9 BCM, could be pumped to irrigate 613,000 ha of rainfed agricultural land in the Terai plains, with a potential direct economic gain of USD 1.1 billion annually and associated benefits including promotion of energy-based industry, food security and local employment. Governance also plays an important role in addressing water security. We conclude that a nexus-based approach is required for effective water management and governance.ARTICLE HISTORY (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, and is not altered, transformed, or built upon in any way.increasing recognition that water resources management is complex and intertwined with the development and social sectors (Biswas, 2004;Falkenmark, 2001). More recently, UN-Water (2013) defined water security as 'the capacity of a population to safeguard sustainable access to adequate quantities of acceptable quality water for sustaining livelihoods, human well-being, and socio-economic development, for ensuring protection against water-borne pollution and water-related disasters, and for preserving ecosystems in a climate of peace and political stability', thus balancing the needs for water management related to socioeconomic development, health, disasters and ecosystems. Further, it is now recognized that water security cannot be treated as a stand-alone issue. Attention is turning to the waterenergy-food (WEF) nexus: the complex interactions within the wider framework of water, food and energy which mean that the actions in each sector can have effects in the others, and that water security, energy security and food security are closely linked (FAO, 2014). Rasul (2014) emphasized the role of the Hindu Kush Himalaya (HKH) ecosystem services in sustaining all three in downstream areas, and the importance of the nexus in South Asia resulting from the high dependency of downstream communities on upstream ecosystem services. In this wider framework, investment in water infrastructure and securing water is equally important to bring economic productivity and growth, and water security can be considered as the longer-term payoff of higher economic growth and lower poverty (Asian Development Bank [ADB], 2016; Rasul, Neupane, Hussain, & Pasakhala, 2019).Despite having an estimated 7000 m 3 per person per year of water resources (FAO, 2016), Nepal's water security is thought to be among the weakest in Asia and the Pacific (ADB, 2016). Improving water security requires better...

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Section: Hydro-energy Securitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Achieving water security in Nepal through unravelling the water-energy-agriculture nexus

Nepal

Neupane

Belbase

et al. 2019

International Journal of Water Resources Development

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“…The average availability of water is reducing steadily with the growing population, and it is estimated that by 2020 India will become a water-stressed nation. Hence, the use of wastewater has been a common practice, especially in the peri-urban areas [14] to meet the challenges of scarce water resource in terms of sustainability, food and income security and environmental safety.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Long-Term Application of Domestic Sewage Water on Soil Properties Around Hubli City in Karnataka, India

et al. 2015

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The effects of application of domestic sewage water for over four decades on physical, chemical and biological properties of soils were studied at three sites in Gabbur, Mavanur and Katnur villages near Hubli city in North Karnataka, India. Long-term use of sewage irrigation improved soil physical properties in terms of decrease in bulk density and dispersion index and increase in aggregate stability and water holding capacity compared to the unirrigated check. Despite long-term irrigation with sewage water with an EC of [1 dS m -1 , the EC of soils was low (0.20-0.45 dS m -1 ). An increase of one-and-half to two times in organic carbon content, available N, P, K and S, in the sewage irrigated soils was observed compared to soils not irrigated with sewage. However, the available Zn, Fe, Cu and B increased only slightly with the exception of Mn which increased substantially. In general there was a decreasing trend of organic carbon, available N, P, K and S with distance away from the stream course. Despite no heavy metals in sewage water, they were detected in soils but not in toxic levels. There were 94, 80 and 60 % more bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes, respectively, in sewage irrigated soils over the non-irrigated soils. Further, the coliform bacteria (E. coli) were observed in soil samples, suggesting fecal contamination.

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“…The human face of this loss is even greater when one reflects that India still loses over 600,000 children every year due to diarrhoea and pneumonia alone (UNICEF, 2012). Narain et al (2013) describe the implications of urbanization for water security and human well-being in four peri-urban locations in South Asia and show how urbanization processes lead to an appropriation of water resources at the periphery of growing cities, depriving peri-urban residents of their access to water, in terms of both quality and quantity. Prakash (2014) shows that, over time, an enormous informal groundwater market has arisen in several cities to bridge the demand-supply gap due to increasing urbanization and service provision gaps.…”

Section: Population Pressurementioning

confidence: 99%

Water in India: situation and prospects

Cronin

Prakash²,

Priya

et al. 2014

Water Policy

Self Cite

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Although significant progress is being made in the development of water resources in India, problematic management issues remain despite increased funding, a sizeable resource base (though with remarkable spatial and temporal variation) and a vast land resource. A large population and increasing demand pose challenges for water resource professionals, and mean that India continues to struggle to meet its water requirements. A comprehensive review of the water sector was undertaken to provide perspectives on the way forward. Based on an extensive review of the secondary literature and five regional consultations with key stakeholders, the pressures and drivers in the sector were examined. These included changes in water availability and access, and the role of the State and water programmes, the community, market and civil society in providing access and control over water for the people. Recommendations are made and compared with two other significant sector reviews at a national and regional level. There is a broad consensus emerging from these three major reviews, in terms of the focus on key actions proposed; these are in the areas of water resources, drinking water and sanitation for health, data and knowledge, policy and institutions, and capacity and disaster management.

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Urbanization, peri-urban water (in)security and human well-being: a perspective from four South Asian cities

Cited by 49 publications

References 5 publications

Achieving water security in Nepal through unravelling the water-energy-agriculture nexus

Achieving water security in Nepal through unravelling the water-energy-agriculture nexus

Impact of Long-Term Application of Domestic Sewage Water on Soil Properties Around Hubli City in Karnataka, India

Water in India: situation and prospects

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