Urea methanolysis to dimethyl carbonate over ZnO–CeO2–MO (MO: La2O3, Y2O3, Co2O3, Ga2O3, and ZrO2) catalysts

Joe, Wangrae; Lee, Hye Jin; Hong, Ung Gi; Ahn, Young Soo; Song, Chung Kil; Kwon, Bum Jin; Song, In Kyu

doi:10.1016/j.jiec.2012.03.017

Cited by 31 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Although the urea conversion increased when the MeOH/urea molar ratio is in the range of 16.7−33.4, the DMC yield reached its maximum when MeOH/urea = 20. Previous studies 29,33,40,63 report the formation of NMMC at higher concentrations of urea, where the formed DMC acts as a methylation agent reducing the amount of prepared DMC. However, NMMC was not detected among the products.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…ZnO(0.54)–Nb 2 O 5 (0.1)–TiO 2 (0.26), Nb 2 O 5 (0.64)–TiO 2 (0.36), and ZnO(0.64)–TiO 2 (0.36) catalysts were prepared by a modified sol–gel method according to the previously reported procedure . Briefly, 321.3 mg (1.08 mmol) of Zn(NO 3 ) 2 ·6H 2 O was dissolved in 2.5 mL of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) solution (0.5% W/V) and sonicated for 30 min.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…ZnO(0.54)−Nb 2 O 5 (0.1)− TiO 2 (0.26), Nb 2 O 5 (0.64)−TiO 2 (0.36), and ZnO(0.64)− TiO 2 (0.36) catalysts were prepared by a modified sol−gel method according to the previously reported procedure. 40 Briefly, 321.3 mg (1.08 mmol) of Zn(NO 3 ) 2 •6H 2 O was dissolved in 2.5 mL of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) solution (0.5% W/V) and sonicated for 30 min. Next, 108 mg (0.4 mmol) of NbCl 5 was separately dissolved in 2.5 mL acidic PVP solution (HCl, 0.1 N and 0.5% W/V) and added to the previous mixture and sonicated for another 30 min.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dimethyl Carbonate Synthesis from Urea Methanolysis over ZnO–Nb₂O₅–TiO₂ Mixed Oxide Catalysts

Asghari

Ghiaci

2020

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Regarding the environmental downsides of using traditional methods for dimethyl carbonate (DMC) production, urea alcoholysis approaches have been the subject of intense interest in recent years. As a general trend, the dissipation of reactivity in metal oxide catalysts, which is mostly done by leaching, has caused a dramatic fall in the DMC yield. Herein, a series of catalysts with different molar ratios of ZnO, Nb2O5, and TiO2 were prepared by a modified sol–gel method and used in urea methanolysis to DMC. Incorporation of ZnO and Nb2O5 into the TiO2 matrix provided limited or even zero leaching, resulting in easy recovery and reusability of the catalysts. The parameters effective in the catalytic performance were investigated. Among the tested catalysts, ZnO(0.54)–Nb2O5(0.20)–TiO2(0.26) exhibited the best performance with a DMC yield of 39.1% under optimal conditions. Overall, this work provides a suitable method for increasing the stability of metal oxide catalysts.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Dimethyl Carbonate Synthesis from Urea Methanolysis over ZnO–Nb₂O₅–TiO₂ Mixed Oxide Catalysts

Asghari

Ghiaci

2020

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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“…Song et al . tested a series of ZnO(0.64)‐CeO 2 (0.26)‐MO(0.1) (MO = La 2 O 3 , Y 2 O 3 , Co 2 O 3 , Ga 2 O 3 , ZrO 2 ) catalysts for urea methanolysis, and ZnO(0.64)‐CeO 2 (0.26)‐La 2 O 3 (0.1) with the strongest basicity exhibited the best catalytic performance, with a DMC yield of up to 50.4%. The experimental results revealed that the basicity of the solid catalysts played a more important role than the acidity.…”

Section: Synthesis Of Organic Carbonates From Ureamentioning

confidence: 99%

Incorporation of CO₂ into carbonates through carboxylation/hydration reaction

Zhao

Liu

et al. 2018

Greenhouse Gases

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In recent years increasing attention has been given to the efficacious synthesis of organic carbonates from sustainable CO2. The carboxylation/hydration reaction of alcohols with CO2 stands out for its environmentally friendly and economic features. However, it faces several substantial challenges such as thermodynamic limitations, low catalytic efficiency, and product selectivity. In this article, recent advances in the development of catalytic methods for the synthesis of organic carbonates through carboxylation/hydration reaction of alcohols with CO2 are summarized. Catalytic schemes (metal and metal‐free catalysis), water‐dehydration strategies, and catalytic mechanisms are also discussed in detail. The review covers the carbonylation cyclization of various alcohols and the equivalent of CO2, i.e. urea. Finally, an overview is provided of the recent breakthrough in the development of thermodynamically favorable processes involving alcohols and CO2. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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“…In addition, as a gasoline additive, DMC can improve its octane number and oxygen content, thus improving its antiknock performance [4,[6][7][8]. Based on the wide application and large demand of DMC, researchers recently have discovered a series of methods for the DMC synthesis, including carbonylation of methanol [9,10], transesterification of carbonates [11,12], alcoholysis of urea [13] and direct synthesis from CO 2 and methanol [14][15][16][17]. Among all of these routes, CO 2 + 2CH 3 OH → CH 3 OC(=O)OCH 3 + H 2 O, this synthesis method has gradually become the most attractive method, which can realize the efficient use of the greenhouse gas CO 2 [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lanthanum-Doped Ceria Nanocomposite: A Highly Stable Monolithic Catalyst for Direct Synthesis of Dimethyl Carbonate

Chen¹,

Ye²,

Li³

et al. 2020

JEECE

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That dimethyl carbonate is directly synthesized from methanol and carbon dioxide is an effective and environmental approach to solve the greenhouse effect. For the sake of solving the problems of low DMC productivity and poor catalysts stability in presence of the formed water. Here we design and prepare a serial of spherical La-doped ceria nanoparticles (Ce 1-x La x O δ nanocomposites, x=0.00, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, and 0.20) via a co-precipitation method. These Ce 1-x La x O δ composites are ground into slurry by ball milled and then coated on cordierite honeycomb ceramics to obtain Ce 1-x La x O δ monolithic catalysts. These Ce 1-x La x O δ composites are characterized extensively by TEM, XRD, Raman spectroscopy, N 2 adsorption-desorption isotherms, H 2 -TPR and XPS. The characterization results show that the Ce 1-x La x O δ composites nanoparticles possesses richer surface oxygen vacancies, higher BET surface area and smaller particle size than that of pure CeO 2 nanoparticle. Besides, catalytic activity test shows these Ce 1-x La x O δ monolithic catalysts exhibit better catalytic performance than that of pure CeO 2 nanoparticles. Among them, Ce 0.95 La 0.05 O δ monolithic catalyst exhibits the highest CH 3 OH conversion and DMC yield, which is in good line with the oxygen vacancy content measured by XPS. Finally, the Ce 0.95 La 0.05 O δ monolithic catalyst also shows an excellent durability of more than 100 hours, which is mainly due to the doping effect of lanthanum into the ceria oxides tailoring the structure and surface properties of the catalyst.

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Urea methanolysis to dimethyl carbonate over ZnO–CeO2–MO (MO: La2O3, Y2O3, Co2O3, Ga2O3, and ZrO2) catalysts

Cited by 31 publications

References 35 publications

Dimethyl Carbonate Synthesis from Urea Methanolysis over ZnO–Nb₂O₅–TiO₂ Mixed Oxide Catalysts

Dimethyl Carbonate Synthesis from Urea Methanolysis over ZnO–Nb₂O₅–TiO₂ Mixed Oxide Catalysts

Incorporation of CO₂ into carbonates through carboxylation/hydration reaction

Lanthanum-Doped Ceria Nanocomposite: A Highly Stable Monolithic Catalyst for Direct Synthesis of Dimethyl Carbonate

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Urea methanolysis to dimethyl carbonate over ZnO–CeO2–MO (MO: La2O3, Y2O3, Co2O3, Ga2O3, and ZrO2) catalysts

Cited by 31 publications

References 35 publications

Dimethyl Carbonate Synthesis from Urea Methanolysis over ZnO–Nb2O5–TiO2 Mixed Oxide Catalysts

Dimethyl Carbonate Synthesis from Urea Methanolysis over ZnO–Nb2O5–TiO2 Mixed Oxide Catalysts

Incorporation of CO2 into carbonates through carboxylation/hydration reaction

Lanthanum-Doped Ceria Nanocomposite: A Highly Stable Monolithic Catalyst for Direct Synthesis of Dimethyl Carbonate

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Dimethyl Carbonate Synthesis from Urea Methanolysis over ZnO–Nb₂O₅–TiO₂ Mixed Oxide Catalysts

Dimethyl Carbonate Synthesis from Urea Methanolysis over ZnO–Nb₂O₅–TiO₂ Mixed Oxide Catalysts

Incorporation of CO₂ into carbonates through carboxylation/hydration reaction