2016
DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2016.1195847
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Uric acid transporters hiding in the intestine

Abstract: Context: Hyperuricaemia is known as an abnormally increased uric acid level in the blood. Although it was observed many years ago, since uric acid excretion via the intestine pathway accounted for approximately one-third of total elimination of uric acid, the molecular mechanism of 'extra-renal excretion' was poorly understood until the finding of uric acid transporters. Objective: The objective of this study was to gather all information related to uric acid transporters in the intestine and present this info… Show more

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Cited by 97 publications
(77 citation statements)
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“…Although many of these uric acid transporters are most highly expressed in the kidney, where they function in urate handling by the proximal tubule resulting in net renal excretion (Fig. 1), they are also expressed in extrarenal tissues, such as the intestine [2224]. In the setting of renal disease, intestinal excretion of urate appears to become important for maintaining uric acid levels, suggesting some sort of mechanism for remote communication between the failing kidney and intestine with respect to uric acid homeostasis (Fig.…”
Section: Mechanisms Of Uric Acid Handling and The ‘Remote Sensing Andmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…Although many of these uric acid transporters are most highly expressed in the kidney, where they function in urate handling by the proximal tubule resulting in net renal excretion (Fig. 1), they are also expressed in extrarenal tissues, such as the intestine [2224]. In the setting of renal disease, intestinal excretion of urate appears to become important for maintaining uric acid levels, suggesting some sort of mechanism for remote communication between the failing kidney and intestine with respect to uric acid homeostasis (Fig.…”
Section: Mechanisms Of Uric Acid Handling and The ‘Remote Sensing Andmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…ABCG2, also known as the breast cancer-resistant protein, was identified as a transporter of drugs [32]. The role of intestinal secretion of uric acid has been recently reviewed [24]. …”
Section: Mechanisms Of Uric Acid Handling and The ‘Remote Sensing Andmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…The important drug transporter breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP, encoded by the ABCG2 gene) is highly expressed on the apical surface of intestinal epithelial cells and is also an important urate transporter involved in intestinal urate secretion [9][10][11][12]. Dietary purines are imported from the lumen of intestinal enterocytes by the nucleoside transporter CNT2/SLC28A2, which are then converted to uric acid by intestinal xanthine oxidase.…”
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confidence: 99%