Urinary excretion of minerals, oxalate, and uric acid in north Indian children

Sweid, Hani A.; Bagga, Arvind; Vaswani, Meera; Vasudev, Vandita; Ahuja, R. K.; Rn, Srivastava

doi:10.1007/s004670050257

Cited by 30 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…This finding was well corroborated with several previous studies [9,16,[19][20][21][22]. It also observed that for every age group, different urine Ca/Cr ratio was reported [3,8,23]. This difference may be due to exposure to sunlight, climate, genetics, nutritional habits, drinking water and ethnicity.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

“…The prevalence of idiopathic hypercalciuria (IH) has been reported to vary between 2.9% -6.2% in the age group of 3 months to 18 years [1][2][3][4][5][6]. The majority of these cases are asymptomatic.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is incumbent on a laboratory to report urinary Ca/Cr ratio, and a reference interval must be required above which a result is considered abnormal, but these cut-offs are not firmly established because of difficulties of generating reference intervals for children particularly across the span of ages in childhood [11]. Reference values for urine calcium/ creatinine ratio in normal infant and children have been reported by several authors worldwide, but these data are controversial, possibly due to the differences between study populations, genetic characteristics and the variations in dietary intake of calcium, sodium and protein in different geographic regions [1][2][3][4]9,10,[12][13][14][15]. So the objective of the present study was to determine urine Ca/Cr ratio in healthy infant and children in Burdwan district, West Bengal.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Determination of upper reference value of urinary calcium-creatinine ratio for the paediatric population in Burdwan district

Pal¹,

Datta²,

Pradhan³

et al. 2013

ABC

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To estimate the rate of excretion of urinary calcium, a 24-hour sample of urine is required and this is not always easy to collect accurately in infant and children. So, random urine calcium to creatinine ratio (Ca/Cr ratio) has been developed. But as the ratio varies worldwide, reference values of the parameter in paediatric population are not developed. To determine reference value, the present study was conducted in healthy paediatric population in Burdwan district, West Bengal. This study was performed on 693 healthy paediatric subjects, aged between 3 months to 18 years and divided into five groups. Early morning non-fasting urine samples from all study groups were analyzed for Ca/Cr ratio. A negative correlation was observed between age and urinary Ca/Cr ratio, but there was no significant difference of urinary Ca/Cr ratio between two sexes. Considering 97.5 th percentile of the underlying distribution of values as the upper limit of reference range, upper reference values of urinary Ca/Cr ratio for age groups of <1, 1 -< 2, 2 -< 5, 5 -< 10 and 10 -18 years in mg/mg of 1.61, 1.38, 1.13, 0.89 and 0.71 respectively were derived. As the upper reference values of urinary Ca/Cr ratio of different age groups in present study are different from other previous studies conducted in different areas, we conclude that upper reference value of urinary Ca/Cr ratio should be estimated in every geographic area.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Determination of upper reference value of urinary calcium-creatinine ratio for the paediatric population in Burdwan district

Pal¹,

Datta²,

Pradhan³

et al. 2013

ABC

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“…12 A third group was from North India and again the value was quite low, with the authors' suggestion that this re£ected nutritional inadequacy in this population. 4 The fourth group was from Hungary in 1995 and was strikingly low throughout early childhood, a discrepancy that is unexplained. 6 These four groups were excluded.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determining urinary calcium/creatinine cut-offs for the paediatric population using published data

Metz

2006

Ann Clin Biochem

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Background The purpose of this study was to determine a cut-off above which a result is considered abnormal for 'spot' calcium-to-creatinine ratio (Ca/Cr) in urine in the paediatric age group. While the cut-offs are not well established, there are many published reports of urine Ca/Cr excretion ratio in the literature. Rather than undertaking a difficult, time-consuming, expensive, and ultimately redundant study, an analysis of these published works was undertaken to determine urine Ca/Cr cut-offs for the laboratory.

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“…Sweid et al [22], in 1997, reported data on 258 children of 8-15 years of age from North India. The daily urinary calcium excretion in this population was only 0.7 mg/kg with the 95th percentile at 2.2 mg/kg.…”

Section: -H Urinary Calcium Excretionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Idiopathic hypercalciuria in children?how valid are the existing diagnostic criteria?

Butani

Kalia

2004

Pediatric Nephrology

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Idiopathic hypercalciuria is a common metabolic abnormality in children of all ages. There is evidence of an association of idiopathic hypercalciuria with nephrolithiasis, hematuria, and osteoporosis. However, much of this evidence is anecdotal and the precise role of hypercalciuria in the pathogenesis of these conditions is far from clear. Furthermore, the precise definition of idiopathic hypercalciuria has not yet been established. The methodologies for quantitating urinary calcium excretion have also not been standardized, adding another potential confounding factor to the accurate interpretation of urinary calcium excretion. Long-term studies on the natural history of unselected children with idiopathic hypercalciuria are needed to establish the true clinical significance of this condition. The focus of this review is to critically evaluate the methods currently being used to measure urinary calcium excretion in children and to assess the validity of existing criteria for diagnosing idiopathic hypercalciuria.

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Urinary excretion of minerals, oxalate, and uric acid in north Indian children

Cited by 30 publications

References 15 publications

Determination of upper reference value of urinary calcium-creatinine ratio for the paediatric population in Burdwan district

Determination of upper reference value of urinary calcium-creatinine ratio for the paediatric population in Burdwan district

Determining urinary calcium/creatinine cut-offs for the paediatric population using published data

Idiopathic hypercalciuria in children?how valid are the existing diagnostic criteria?

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