Urinary excretion of total isothiocyanates from cruciferous vegetables shows high dose–response relationship and may be a useful biomarker for isothiocyanate exposure

Kristensen, Mette; Krogholm, Kirstine Suszkiewicz; Frederiksen, Hanne; Bügel, Susanne; Rasmussen, Salka E.

doi:10.1007/s00394-007-0676-5

Cited by 25 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…These results are expected since urinary ITC has a peak excretion between two and six hours after consuming cruciferous vegetables with low to no presence after 24 to 48 hours (15) . Thus, urinary ITC levels are good markers for recent cruciferous vegetable intake.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

“…The urinary ITC measurement is limited because only a single, spot urine sample was available. Given that urinary ITC appears to have a peak excretion between two to six hours after consumption of cruciferous vegetables (15) , our study is limited by relying on a spot urine sample. A 24 hour urine sample would likely give a better estimate of recent cruciferous vegetable intake, but collection of a 24 hour urine sample in a large scale epidemiological study would be extremely challenging and may lead to increased missing data and selection bias.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Correlates of self-reported dietary cruciferous vegetable intake and urinary isothiocyanate from two cohorts in China

Vogtmann

Yang

et al. 2014

Public Health Nutr.

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Objective To assess correlations between cruciferous vegetable intake and urinary ITC level, in addition to glutathione S-transferase (GST) genotypes and other individual factors. Design This study included cohort participants whose urinary ITC levels had been previously ascertained. Urinary ITC was assessed using high-performance liquid chromatography. Usual dietary intake of cruciferous vegetables was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire and total dietary ITC was calculated. Recent cruciferous vegetable intake was determined. GST genotypes were assessed using duplex real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction assays. Spearman correlations were calculated between the covariates and urinary ITC levels and linear regression analyses were used to calculate the mean urinary ITC according to GST genotype. Setting Urban city in China Subjects This study included 3,589 women and 1,015 men from the Shanghai Women’s and Men’s Health Studies. Results Median urinary ITC level was 1.61 nmol/mg creatinine. Self-reported usual cruciferous vegetable intake was weakly correlated with urinary ITC level (rs = 0.1149; p < 0.0001), while self-reported recent intake was more strongly correlated with urinary ITC (rs = 0.2591; p < 0.0001). Overall, the GST genotypes were not associated with urinary ITC level, but significant differences according to genotype were observed among current smokers and participants who provided an afternoon urine sample. Other factors, including previous gastrectomy or gastritis, were also related to urinary ITC level. Conclusions This study suggests that urinary secretion of ITC may provide additional information on cruciferous vegetable intake and that GST genotypes are related to urinary ITC level only in some subgroups.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlates of self-reported dietary cruciferous vegetable intake and urinary isothiocyanate from two cohorts in China

Vogtmann

Yang

et al. 2014

Public Health Nutr.

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“…The association was weaker for prospective cohort studies (RR 0.93; 95% CI: 0.87, 1.00) suggesting that the association may have been possibly related to recall bias [25]. Unlike self-reported consumption, urinary ITC measurements are unrelated to recall, but reflect more recent CV consumption since ITC metabolites are eliminated from the body within 48 hours of CV intake [24]. Studies on the association between ITC and CRC have also been variable.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Laboratory errors in the assessment of urinary ITC and the GST gene variants could occur, however these would likely be non-differential. There are also limitations in the use of spot urine samples since ITC is rapidly excreted after consumption, with maximum excretion 2–6 hours after intake [24], but the results from the FFQ and urinary ITC were similar. In addition, the duration of follow-up may not have been long enough to observe an association between baseline CV exposure and colorectal cancer; however, self-reported CV intake represented habitual exposure and over 88% of participants reported to not have greatly increased or decreased consumption of fresh vegetables over the past 5 years (results not shown).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sensitivity analyses included investigating the interaction between urinary ITC and GST genes with CRC separately for morning and afternoon urine samples since ITC is rapidly excreted after consumption with a peak in excretion from 2–6 hours after consumption [24]. Participants who provided an afternoon urine sample would be more likely to have had recent CV consumption and potentially higher levels of ITC.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cruciferous vegetables, glutathione S-transferase polymorphisms, and the risk of colorectal cancer among Chinese men

Vogtmann¹,

Xiang²,

Li³

et al. 2014

Annals of Epidemiology

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Purpose To assess the associations between cruciferous vegetable (CV) intake, GST gene polymorphisms and colorectal cancer (CRC) in a population of Chinese men. Methods Using incidence density sampling, CRC cases (N = 340) diagnosed prior to December 31, 2010 within the Shanghai Men’s Health Study were matched to non-cases (N = 673). CV intake was assessed from a food frequency questionnaire and by isothiocyanate (ITC) levels from spot urine samples. GSTM1 and GSTT1 were categorized as null (0 copies) versus non-null (1 or 2 copies). Conditional logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for the association between CV intake and GST gene variants with CRC and statistical interactions were evaluated. Results CRC risk was not associated with CV intake, whether measured by self-report or by urinary ITC, nor with GST gene variants. No statistical interactions were detected between CV intake and GST gene variants on the odds of CRC. Stratifying by timing of urine sample collection and excluding CRC cases diagnosed in the first two years did not materially alter the results. Conclusions This study provides no evidence supporting the involvement of CV intake in the development of CRC in Chinese men.

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Diverse Excretion Pathways of Benzyl Glucosinolate in Humans after Consumption of Nasturtium (Tropaeolum majus L.)—A Pilot Study

Kühn

Kupke

Baldermann

et al. 2018

Molecular Nutrition Food Res

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Urinary excretion of total isothiocyanates from cruciferous vegetables shows high dose–response relationship and may be a useful biomarker for isothiocyanate exposure

Abstract: The results in this study indicate that the urinary excretion of ITCs, measured by use of the cyclocondesation reaction, is a useful and precise tool that may be used as a biomarker of ITC exposure in population based studies.

Cited by 25 publications

References 9 publications

Correlates of self-reported dietary cruciferous vegetable intake and urinary isothiocyanate from two cohorts in China

Correlates of self-reported dietary cruciferous vegetable intake and urinary isothiocyanate from two cohorts in China

Cruciferous vegetables, glutathione S-transferase polymorphisms, and the risk of colorectal cancer among Chinese men

Diverse Excretion Pathways of Benzyl Glucosinolate in Humans after Consumption of Nasturtium (Tropaeolum majus L.)—A Pilot Study

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